Unearthing AI coaching chatbots capabilities for professional coaching: a systematic literature review

Abstract

PurposeRecent advances in coaching technology enhanced its accessibility and affordability for a broader population. In the imposing growth of economy and the demand for extensive coaching intervention for executives, artificial intelligence (AI)-based coaching is one of the possible solutions. While the evidence of AI coaching effectiveness is expanding, a comprehensive understanding of the field remains elusive. In particular, the true potential of AI coaching tools, ethical considerations and their current functionality are subjects of ongoing investigation.Design/methodology/approachThe systematic literature review was conducted to extract experimental results and concepts about utilizing AI in coaching practice. The paper presents the primary capabilities of state-of-the-art coaching tools and compares them with human coaching.FindingsThe review shows that AI coaching chatbots and tools are effective for narrow tasks such as goal attainment, support for various psychological conditions and induction of reflection processes. Whereas, deep long-term coaching, working alliance and individualized approach are out of current AI coaching competence. In the current state, AI coaching tools serve as complementary helping tools that cannot replace human coaching. However, they have the potential to enhance the coach’s performance and serve as valuable assistants in intricate coaching interventions.Originality/valueThe review offered insights into the current capabilities of AI coaching chatbots, aligned with International Coaching Federation set of competencies. The review outlined the drawbacks and benefits of chatbots and their areas of application in coaching.