Unemployment among young people and mental health: A systematic review

Bartelink, Vicky H. M.; Ya, Kyaw Zay; Guldbrandsson, Karin; Bremberg, Sven

doi:10.1177/1403494819852847

Cited by 85 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The use of longitudinal data will facilitate improved confounder control, particularly by allowing for baseline control of the outcome. A recent systematic review of the effects of unemployment on the mental health of young people reported that when confounders, including baseline mental health were controlled for, the effect estimates decreased and led to mixed results [48]. This indicates the importance of consistently controlling for appropriate confounders.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How do employment conditions and psychosocial workplace exposures impact the mental health of young workers? A systematic review

Shields

Dimov

Kavanagh

et al. 2021

Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol

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Purpose To assess the quality of the research about how employment conditions and psychosocial workplace exposures impact the mental health of young workers, and to summarize the available evidence. Methods We undertook a systematic search of three databases using a tiered search strategy. Studies were included if they: (a) assessed employment conditions such as working hours, precarious employment, contract type, insecurity, and flexible work, or psychosocial workplace exposures such as violence, harassment and bullying, social support, job demand and control, effort-reward imbalance, and organizational justice; (b) included a validated mental health measure; and (c) presented results specific to young people aged ≤ 30 years or were stratified by age group to provide an estimate for young people aged ≤ 30 years. The quality of included studies was assessed using the Risk of Bias in Non-randomized Studies of Exposures (ROBINS-E) tool. Results Nine studies were included in the review. Four were related to employment conditions, capturing contract type and working hours. Five studies captured concepts relevant to psychosocial workplace exposures including workplace sexual harassment, psychosocial job quality, work stressors, and job control. The quality of the included studies was generally low, with six of the nine at serious risk of bias. Three studies at moderate risk of bias were included in the qualitative synthesis, and results of these showed contemporaneous exposure to sexual harassment and poor psychosocial job quality was associated with poorer mental health outcomes among young workers. Longitudinal evidence showed that exposure to low job control was associated with incident depression diagnosis among young workers. Conclusions The findings of this review illustrate that even better studies are at moderate risk of bias. Addressing issues related to confounding, selection of participants, measurement of exposures and outcomes, and missing data will improve the quality of future research in this area and lead to a clearer understanding of how employment conditions and psychosocial workplace exposures impact the mental health of young people. Generating high-quality evidence is particularly critical given the disproportionate impact of COVID-19 on young people’s employment. In preparing for a post-pandemic world where poor-quality employment conditions and exposure to psychosocial workplace exposures may become more prevalent, rigorous research must exist to inform policy to protect the mental health of young workers. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00127-021-02077-x.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How do employment conditions and psychosocial workplace exposures impact the mental health of young workers? A systematic review

Shields

Dimov

Kavanagh

et al. 2021

Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol

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“…Involuntary underemployment and/or unemployment (UUE) is associated with poor mental health [ 12 , 13 ]. Multiple factors derived from the UUE situation, for example, economic anguish and joblessness, employment insecurity, continuous underlie feelings of failure, which severely may lead to common mental health symptoms such as depression, anxiety, and stress [ 14 , 15 ]. And these mental health problems significantly reduce productivity and quality of life and responsible for most suicide casualties [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic stressors and mental health symptoms among Bangladeshi rehabilitation professionals: A cross-sectional study amid COVID-19 pandemic

Ali¹,

Uddin²,

Hossain³

2021

Heliyon

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Background Mental health symptoms are considered a public health concern by many professionals and are frequently impacted by factors related to occupation, employment opportunities, and economic stressors. This study investigated the relationship between economic stressors and mental health symptoms among Bangladeshi rehabilitation professionals. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional survey of 420 rehabilitation professionals between July 2020 and October 2020. Economic stressors were measured using Economic Hardship Questionnaire, Financial Threat Scale, and Financial Well-Being Scale. Mental health symptoms were measured using the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to find associated factors on mental health problems after adjusting confounders. Results Among 420 rehabilitation professionals 62.1% were male, 38.6% were post-graduated and 75% were in practice. The overall prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress was 51.0%, 58.6%, and 33.6%, respectively. The multivariable regression analysis indicated that without a high professional degree, lack of opportunity to practice, and loss of income were the associated factors for mental health symptoms. The modelling of the structural equation showed that financial threat is significantly associated with mental health symptoms. Conclusion During the era of COVID-19, a high prevalence of mental health symptoms was observed among rehabilitation professionals. To minimize the burden of mental health, we recommend that all rehabilitation organizations and the government come together to create equal opportunities to practice and enable individuals to obtain high professional degrees.

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“…Self-employment (including own-account workers) involves several risks and uncertainties that can potentially harm the psychological wellbeing of an individual, yet some self-employed tend to report high levels of psychological wellbeing (Baron et al, 2016). Similarly, recent studies have highlighted the psychological distress of unemployment (Bartelink et al, 2020;Bonanomi & Rosina, 2020;Farré et al, 2018). However, questions have been asked whether any job is better than no job that is concerning the effects of unemployment and poor quality jobs on psychological health?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maintaining High Eudaimonic Wellbeing Despite Ambiguity Intolerance Among Three Employment Status Groups: Examining the Buffering Effects of Positive Psychological Attributes

Baluku

Bantu

Namale

et al. 2021

Int J Appl Posit Psychol

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The unemployed, as well as individuals in self and salaried employment, face several work-related risks and uncertainties which can result in diminished psychological wellbeing especially for individuals with high ambiguity intolerance. However, positive psychology literature suggests that individuals with strong psychological resources can be resilient in difficult circumstances. Using a sample of 922 individuals (including 240 unemployed, 391 salary-employed, and 291 self-employed) from Uganda and Kenya, we investigated the moderating effects of locus of control and psychological capital on the association between ambiguity intolerance and eudaimonic wellbeing, comparing the unemployed with individuals in salaried and self-employment. Our findings indicated that ambiguity intolerance and external locus of control are negatively associated with eudaimonic wellbeing. Conversely, internal locus of control and psychological capital were positively associated with eudaimonic wellbeing. The moderation analysis revealed that whereas an external locus of control boosts the negative effects of ambiguity intolerance on eudaimonic wellbeing, internal locus of control and psychological capital buffer against the negative effects of ambiguity intolerance on eudaimonic wellbeing. Differences between employment status groups and implications are discussed.

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Unemployment among young people and mental health: A systematic review

Cited by 85 publications

References 43 publications

How do employment conditions and psychosocial workplace exposures impact the mental health of young workers? A systematic review

How do employment conditions and psychosocial workplace exposures impact the mental health of young workers? A systematic review

Economic stressors and mental health symptoms among Bangladeshi rehabilitation professionals: A cross-sectional study amid COVID-19 pandemic

Maintaining High Eudaimonic Wellbeing Despite Ambiguity Intolerance Among Three Employment Status Groups: Examining the Buffering Effects of Positive Psychological Attributes

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