Objectives: Large socioeconomic inequalities in health are still present in the Central Europe. The aim was to explore socioeconomic inequalities in mortality in Visegrad countries Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia (V4), by three different socioeconomic indicators (unemployment, risk of poverty/social exclusion, education). The study was conducted within the H2020 Eurohealthy project. Methods: The associations between selected socioeconomic indicators and the standardized mortality rates by four main causes (mortality related to cancer, circulatory, respiratory and digestive system) in the active population aged 20 64 years in the 35 NUTS 2 regions of the V4 in the period 2011 2013 were explored, using linear regression models. Results: Lower education level was the most significant predictor of mortality in the V4. The lowest mortality rates by all causes of death were found in the regions of Czech Republic, the highest in regions of Hungary. Conclusions: Despite the common origin, the pathways of the V4 countries in employment, poverty and education seem to be different, also having impact on health equity. Therefore, where you live in the V4 can significantly influence your health.