Unenhanced fat fraction ratios obtained by MR and enhanced T2* values with liver-specific MR contrast agents for diagnosis of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in rats

Okada, Masahiro; Katsube, Tomoko; Kumano, Seishi; Kagawa, Yuki; Araki, Toshimitsu; Tsuda, Natsuko; Okuaki, Tomoyuki; Imaoka, Izumi; Tanigawa, Noboru; Ishii, Kazunari; Murakami, Takamichi

doi:10.1258/ar.2011.100360

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Hepatic T 2 * variations among different segments have been shown to be low in healthy subjects, ranging between 19.3 and 29.9 ms [42], which is in accordance with our observations. Similar results were obtained in an animal study where the T 2 * of liver parenchyma of rats decreased from 31.4 ms for the control group (0.9% HFF) to 19.1 ms for rats fed by a four week choline-deficient diet (26.0% HFF) [43]. A clinical study on patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) reported significant decreases of T 2 relaxation times of water with increasing fat fractions [19].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Clinical Implications of Non-Steatotic Hepatic Fat Fractions on Quantitative Diffusion-Weighted Imaging of the Liver

et al. 2014

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Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is an important diagnostic tool in the assessment of focal liver lesions and diffuse liver diseases such as cirrhosis and fibrosis. Quantitative DWI parameters such as molecular diffusion, microperfusion and their fractions, are known to be affected when hepatic fat fractions (HFF) are higher than 5.5% (steatosis). However, less is known about the effect on DWI for HFF in the normal non-steatotic range below 5.5%, which can be found in a large part of the population. The aim of this study was therefore to evaluate the diagnostic implications of non-steatotic HFF on quantitative DWI parameters in eight liver segments. For this purpose, eleven healthy volunteers (2 men, mean-age 31.0) were prospectively examined with DWI and three series of in-/out-of-phase dual-echo spoiled gradient-recalled MRI sequences to obtain the HFF and T2*. DWI data were analyzed using the intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) model. Four circular regions (ø22.3 mm) were drawn in each of eight liver segments and averaged. Measurements were divided in group 1 (HFF≤2.75%), group 2 (2.75< HFF ≤5.5%) and group 3 (HFF>5.5%). DWI parameters and T2* were compared between the three groups and between the segments. It was observed that the molecular diffusion (0.85, 0.72 and 0.49 ×10−3 mm2/s) and T2* (32.2, 27.2 and 21.0 ms) differed significantly between the three groups of increasing HFF (2.18, 3.50 and 19.91%). Microperfusion and its fraction remained similar for different HFF. Correlations with HFF were observed for the molecular diffusion (r = −0.514, p<0.001) and T2* (−0.714, p<0.001). Similar results were obtained for the majority of individual liver segments. It was concluded that fat significantly decreases molecular diffusion in the liver, also in absence of steatosis (HFF≤5.5%). Also, it was confirmed that fat influences T2*. Determination of HFF prior to quantitative DWI is therefore crucial.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Clinical Implications of Non-Steatotic Hepatic Fat Fractions on Quantitative Diffusion-Weighted Imaging of the Liver

et al. 2014

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“…This explains the rather good hepatic enhancement (gadoxetic acid uptake) measured in our patients, ranging from 46% to 130%, and also why it was not linked with the phenomenon of HP-negative lesions [24]. Furthermore, bilirubin is a known competitor of gadoxetic acid at the membrane transporter of hepatocytes and also a marker of impaired liver function [25,26]. Therefore, one exclusion criterion in this study was a total bilirubin >2 mg/dL.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Does Hepatic Steatosis Influence the Detection Rate of Metastases in the Hepatobiliary Phase of Gadoxetic Acid-Enhanced MRI?

Steffen

Weissmann

Rothe

et al. 2020

JCM

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The aim of this exploratory study was to evaluate the influence of hepatic steatosis on the detection rate of metastases in gadoxetic acid-enhanced liver magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A total of 50 patients who underwent gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI (unenhanced T1w in- and opposed-phase, T2w fat sat, unenhanced 3D-T1w fat sat and 3-phase dynamic contrast-enhanced (uDP), 3D-T1w fat sat hepatobiliary phase (HP)) were retrospectively included. Two blinded observers (O1/O2) independently assessed the images to determine the detection rate in uDP and HP. The hepatic signal fat fraction (HSFF) was determined as the relative signal intensity reduction in liver parenchyma from in- to opposed-phase images. A total of 451 liver metastases were detected (O1/O2, n = 447/411). O1/O2 detected 10.9%/9.3% of lesions exclusively in uDP and 20.2%/15.5% exclusively in HP. Lesions detected exclusively in uDP were significantly associated with a larger HSFF (area under curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, 0.93; p < 0.001; cutoff, 41.5%). The exclusively HP-positive lesions were significantly associated with a smaller diameter (ROC-AUC, 0.82; p < 0.001; cutoff, 5 mm) and a smaller HSFF (ROC-AUC, 0.61; p < 0.001; cutoff, 13.3%). Gadoxetic acid imaging has the advantage of detecting small occult metastatic liver lesions in the HP. However, using non-optimized standard fat-saturated 3D-T1w protocols, severe steatosis (HSFF > 30%) is a potential pitfall for the detection of metastases in HP.

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“…The quantitative T2* relaxometry technique was reported to be able to differentiate the progression of NASH in the rat model through a dynamic MRI sequence with Resovist (Table 1, entry 8). 24 Significant changes of the MR T2* rate over the time period from 3 to 10 min post-injection were observed as the NASH model progressed from 4, 7, to 10 weeks, possibly related to the increased dysfunctional level of Kupffer cells. Meanwhile, the development of more biocompatible and stable SPIONs for chronic liver diseases has been reported through modification of coating materials such as poly(vinyl acetate-methylacrylic acid)/chitosan using a layer by layer technique, dextran, and citrate (Table 1, entries 9− 11).…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Pathology staining analysis suggested that SPIONs delivered through BMSC were mainly located in the periportal and injured regions, different from that of SPION alone as in the liver Kupffer cells. The quantitative T2* relaxometry technique was reported to be able to differentiate the progression of NASH in the rat model through a dynamic MRI sequence with Resovist (Table , entry 8) . Significant changes of the MR T2* rate over the time period from 3 to 10 min post-injection were observed as the NASH model progressed from 4, 7, to 10 weeks, possibly related to the increased dysfunctional level of Kupffer cells.…”

Section: Spions As An Effective Mri Contrast Agent For Chronic Liver ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

For Better or Worse, Iron Overload by Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles as a MRI Contrast Agent for Chronic Liver Diseases

Zhou

Wei

2016

Chem. Res. Toxicol.

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Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have recently been used as an effective magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent for the noninvasive diagnosis of chronic liver diseases including nonalcohol fatty liver diseases, nonalcohol steatohepatitis, and cirrhosis as well as liver tumors. However, the potential risk of the iron overload by SPIONs has been highly underestimated in chronic liver diseases. While most of SPIONs have been shown safe in the healthy group, significant toxicity potential by the iron overload has been revealed through immunotoxicity, lipid peroxidation, and fatty acid and cholesterol metabolism in cirrhosis as a high risk factor. As a result, the systems toxicology assessments of SPIONs are crucial in both healthy ones and chronic liver disease models to determine the margin of safety. In addition, the challenge of the iron overload by SPIONs requires better designed SPIONs as MRI contrast agents for chronic liver diseases such as the biodegradable nanocluster assembly with urine clearance.

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Unenhanced fat fraction ratios obtained by MR and enhanced T2* values with liver-specific MR contrast agents for diagnosis of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in rats

Abstract: Pre-enhancement FFR, T2* value measurement and reduction rate of T2* value on SPIO-enhanced MRI may help estimate the progress of liver fat deposition and fibrosis in NASH.

Cited by 6 publications

References 36 publications

Clinical Implications of Non-Steatotic Hepatic Fat Fractions on Quantitative Diffusion-Weighted Imaging of the Liver

Clinical Implications of Non-Steatotic Hepatic Fat Fractions on Quantitative Diffusion-Weighted Imaging of the Liver

Does Hepatic Steatosis Influence the Detection Rate of Metastases in the Hepatobiliary Phase of Gadoxetic Acid-Enhanced MRI?

For Better or Worse, Iron Overload by Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles as a MRI Contrast Agent for Chronic Liver Diseases

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