S-Benzylcysteine derivatives specifically deuterated at the a carbon only, the p carbon only, and at both the 01 and p carbons have been.synthesized. These labeled compounds have been enzymatically resolved and the enantiomers and reacemates have been converted to the N-tert-hutyloxycarbonyl derivatives. The deuterium labels were not exchanged under the conditions of the syntheses. Condensation of the sodium salt of difthyl a-acetamidomalonate with benzyl chloromethyl sulfide followed by hydrolysis with DCl afforded S-benzyl-DL-[a-*Hl]cysteine. Acetylation followed by treatment with hog renal acylase separated the stereoisomers. A Mannich reaction with [2H2]methylene diacetate, diethyl a-acetamidomalonate, and dimethylamine followed by quaternization of the amino nitrogen with methyl iodide gave diethyl a-acetamido-a-dimethylamino[2H~]methylmalonate methiodide (15). Treatment of 15 with sodium benzylmercaptide gave diethyl a-acetamid~-a-benzylthio[~H~]methylmalonate, which was hydrolyzed with HCl to yield S-ben~yl-DL-[P,/3-~Hz]cysteine or with DCl to afford S-benzyl-DL-[a,P,P-2H3]cysteine. These compounds were resolved as before. The preparation of S-benzyl-DL-[a,P,P-2H3] cysteine required an efficient source of ethanol-d. This deuterated solvent was prepared in quantitative yield in 2 h from tetraethoxysilane, D20, and a catalytic amount of thionyl chloride. The protected deuterated amino acids were used in the preparation of several oxytocin analogues in which the specific deuteration appears in either the 1-hemicystine or the 6-hemicystine residues.