Unequivocal regional support for Margaret Chan's commitment to primary health care

Gezairy, Hussein A.; Omi, Shigeru; Danzon, Marc; Periago, Mirta Roses; Plianbangchang, Samlee; Sambo, Luís Gomes

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(08)60890-9

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Moreover, WHO technical support is available to the African Union to design relevant policies and strategies, in particular the primary health care approach for strengthening district health systems [33,49]. Towards this endeavour, governments should address the critical challenges including:…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malaria control in the African Region: perceptions and viewspoints on proceedings of the Africa Leaders Malaria Alliance (ALMA)

2011

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BackgroundIn 2009 a total of 153,408 malaria deaths were reported in Africa. Eleven countries showed a reduction of more than 50% in either confirmed malaria cases or malaria admissions and deaths in recent years. However, many African countries are not on track to achieve the malaria component of the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) 6. The African Leaders Malaria Alliance (ALMA) working session at the 15th African Union Summit discussed the bottlenecks to achieving MDG 6 (specifically halting and beginning to reverse the incidence of malaria by 2015), success factors, and what countries needed to do to accelerate achievement of the MDG. The purpose of this article is to reflect on the proceedings of the ALMA working session.MethodsWorking methods of the session included speeches and statements by invited speakers and high-level panel discussions.DiscussionThe main bottlenecks identified related to the capacity of the health systems to deliver quality care and accessibility issues; need for strong, decentralized malaria-control programmes with linkages with other health and development sectors, the civil society and private sector entities; benefits of co-implementation of malaria control programmes with child survival or other public health interventions; systematic application of integrated promotive, preventive, diagnostic and case management interventions with full community participation; adapting approaches to local political, socio-cultural and administrative environments.The following prerequisites for success were identified: a clear vision and effective leadership of national malaria control programmes; high level political commitment to ensure adequate capacity in expertise, skill mix and number of managers, technicians and service providers; national ownership, intersectoral collaboration and accountability, as well as strong civil society and private sector involvement; functional epidemiological surveillance systems; and levering of African Union and regional economic communities to address the cross-border dimension of malaria control.It was agreed that countries needed to secure adequate domestic and external funding for sustained commitment to malaria elimination; strengthen national malaria control programmes in the context of broader health system strengthening; ensure free access to long-lasting insecticide treated nets and malaria diagnosis and treatment for vulnerable groups; strengthen human resource capacity at central, district and community levels; and establish strong logistics, information and surveillance systems.ConclusionIt is critically important for countries to have a clear vision and strategy for malaria elimination; effective leadership of national malaria control programmes; draw lessons from other African countries that have succeeded to dramatically reduce the burden of malaria; and sustain funding and ongoing interventions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malaria control in the African Region: perceptions and viewspoints on proceedings of the Africa Leaders Malaria Alliance (ALMA)

2011

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“…Validation of the Social Provisions Scale in People with Multiple Sclerosis Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, unpredictable, and often debilitating disease that involves an immune system attack against oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system (Compston & Coles, 2008; National Multiple Sclerosis Society [NMSS], 2014). There are approximately 450,000 individuals living with MS in the United States, and most people are diagnosed between the ages of 20–50 years (Compston & Coles, 2008; Giesser, 2011; NMSS, 2014).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…There are approximately 450,000 individuals living with MS in the United States, and most people are diagnosed between the ages of 20–50 years (Compston & Coles, 2008; Giesser, 2011; NMSS, 2014). People with MS experience many symptoms, including fatigue, pain, numbness, tingling, weakness, muscle stiffness or spasms, tremors, bladder and bowel dysfunction, visual problems, cognitive dysfunction, emotional changes, depression, slurred speech, difficulty walking, and problems with balance (Compston & Coles, 2008; Giesser, 2011; NMSS, 2014). These symptoms can lead to gradual declines in social functioning and interpersonal interactions, and ultimately, diminished social support (Krokavcova et al, 2008; McCabe, Ebacioni, Simmons, McDonald, & Melton, 2015).…”

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confidence: 99%

Validation of the Social Provisions Scale in people with multiple sclerosis.

Chiu¹,

Motl²,

Ditchman³

2016

Rehabilitation Psychology

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Objective This study examined the factorial and construct validity of the Social Provisions Scale (SPS) in a sample of people with multiple sclerosis (MS). Method Participants included 292 individuals with MS (83.9% women) recruited from the Greater Illinois, Gateway, and Indiana chapters of the National Multiple Sclerosis Society. Participants completed the SPS and pain, fatigue, depression, anxiety, MS self-efficacy, quality of life and satisfaction with life measures. Factorial validity was tested using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and construct validity was examined based on the strength of bivariate correlations with scores on related measures. Results Findings from the CFA indicated that a first-order, six-factor measurement model provided a good fit for the 24 items of the SPS (CFI = .94, TLI= .93, RMSEA = 0.07) and that the six factors could be described by a single, second-order factor of the overall social provisions (CFI = .93, TLI= .92, RMSEA = 0.08). Cronbach’s alpha was .89 for the global score and between .66 and .81 for the six subscales. The SPS global and subscale scores correlated significantly with satisfaction with life, depression, anxiety, MS self-efficacy, and quality of life measures. Conclusions Findings from this study support the factorial validity, construct validity, and reliability of the SPS as a measure of social provisions for use with people with MS.

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Access to malaria treatment in young children of rural Burkina Faso

Tipke

Louis

Yé

et al. 2009

Malar J

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BackgroundEffective and timely treatment is an essential aspect of malaria control, but remains a challenge in many parts of sub-Saharan Africa. The objective of this study was to describe young children's access to malaria treatment in Nouna Health District, Burkina Faso.MethodsIn February/March 2006, a survey was conducted in a representative sample of 1,052 households.ResultsOverall 149/1052 (14%) households reported the current possession of anti-malarial medicine, which was significantly associated with urban area, literacy of household head, having young children, and high socio-economic status. Out of a total of 802 children under five years, at least one malaria episode was reported for 239 (30%) within the last month. Overall 95% of children received treatment, either modern (72%), traditional (18%) or mixed (5%). Most of the medicines were provided as home treatment by the caregiver and half of children received some type of modern treatment within 24 hours of the occurrence of first symptoms. Despite a recent policy change to artemisinin-based combination therapy, modern anti-malarials consisted mainly of chloroquine (93%). Modern drugs were obtained more often from a health facility in localities with a health facility compared to those without (60% vs. 25.6%, p < 0.001). In contrast, beside informal providers, volunteer community health workers (CHW) were the main source of modern medicine in localities without a health centre (28% vs. 3%, p < 0.001).ConclusionAccess to modern health services providing quality controlled effective combination therapies against malaria needs to be strengthened in rural Africa, which should include a re-investigation of the role of CHW 30 years after Alma Ata.

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Unequivocal regional support for Margaret Chan's commitment to primary health care

Cited by 3 publications

References 1 publication

Malaria control in the African Region: perceptions and viewspoints on proceedings of the Africa Leaders Malaria Alliance (ALMA)

Malaria control in the African Region: perceptions and viewspoints on proceedings of the Africa Leaders Malaria Alliance (ALMA)

Validation of the Social Provisions Scale in people with multiple sclerosis.

Access to malaria treatment in young children of rural Burkina Faso

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