Unequivocal Role of Pyrazine Ring in Medicinally Important Compounds: A Review

Abstract

Pyrazine is one of the important class of heterocyclic compounds that can be obtained naturally or synthesized chemically. Pyrazine ring has got importance in exhibiting various biological activities in association with other scaffolds like pyrrole, pyrazole, imidazole, triazole, tetrazole, thiophene, oxazole, pyridine, piperidine and piperazine. Presence of pyrazine ring as a basic scaffold in various clinically used drugs exhibits its importance in drug design. In this review, attempt has been made to disclose various therapeutic applications of pyrazine derivatives reported during the last decade.

Roasting impact on the chemical and physical structure of Criollo cocoa variety (Theobroma cacao L)

“…These compounds are very stable, water soluble, with a low vapor pressure, and are responsible for nutty aromatic notes (Kaneko, Sakai, Kumazawa, Usuki, & Nishimura, ). They can be obtained as the natural products of the secondary metabolisms of vegetables, from microorganisms, or by chemical synthesis through various processes such as self‐condensation of 2‐aminoketone, condensation of 1,2‐dicarbonyl, among others (Miniyar, Murumkar, Patil, & Barmade, ).…”

NMR-based investigations of acyl-functionalized piperazines concerning their conformational behavior in solution

“…1 The piperazine scaffold has been integrated as a privileged structure and is frequently found in bioactive and pharmacologically relevant compounds across a number of different therapeutic areas. A wide variety of N-functionalized piperazines serve as skeletons in pesticides, pharmaceuticals [2][3][4] such as analgesics 5 and other drugs, 6,7 scaffolds in medicinal chemistry, [8][9][10] intermediates in organic reactions, 11,12 ligands for complexation purposes, [13][14][15] for peptide syntheses and modications 16,17 as well as building blocks in material sciences e.g. for polymerizations.…”

Conformationally Driven Ru(II)-Catalyzed Multiple ortho-C–H Bond Activation in Diphenylpyrazine Derivatives in Water: Where Is the Limit?

“…The pyrazine scaffold is one of the privileged azaheterocyclic structural motifs in many natural products [44] and synthetic compounds [45] with biological activities, as well as in functional materials [46]. 2,3-Dihydropyrazines, which are direct precursors of pyrazines, are known to have an important role as flavorants [47] and are assumed to actively participate in DNA strand cleavage [48][49][50] and cyclooxygenase inhibition [51].…”