Unexpectedly High Prevalence of Breakfast Skipping in Low Body-Weight Middle-Aged Men: Results of the Kanagawa Investigation of Total Checkup Data from the National Data Base-7 (KITCHEN-7)

Nakajima, Kei; Higuchi, Ryota; Mizusawa, Kaori

doi:10.3390/nu13010102

Cited by 4 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Measurement of amino acids analysis in BMDMs was performed as described 39 . BMDMs (4 × 10 6 cells) seeded in 6 cm dish were washed twice with PBS and collected with 250 µl of CH3OH, followed by addition of 10 μl of 0.5 mg/ml 2-isopropylmalic acid (Sigma-Aldrich) and10 μl of UL-13C,15 N-amino acid mixture (Taiyo Nissan, Tokyo, Japan) as internal standards dissolved in distilled water.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macrophages rely on extracellular serine to suppress aberrant cytokine production

Kurita

Ohta

Shirakawa

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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A growing body of evidence indicates that cellular metabolism is involved in immune cell functions, including cytokine production. Serine is a nutritionally non-essential amino acid that can be generated by de novo synthesis and conversion from glycine. Serine contributes to various cellular responses, but the role in inflammatory responses remains poorly understood. Here, we show that macrophages rely on extracellular serine to suppress aberrant cytokine production. Depleting serine from the culture media reduced the cellular serine content in macrophages markedly, suggesting that macrophages depend largely on extracellular serine rather than cellular synthesis. Under serine deprivation, macrophages stimulated with lipopolysaccharide showed aberrant cytokine expression patterns, including a marked reduction of anti-inflammatory interleukin-10 expression and sustained expression of interleukine-6. Transcriptomic and metabolomics analyses revealed that serine deprivation causes mitochondrial dysfunction: reduction in the pyruvate content, the NADH/NAD+ ratio, the oxygen consumption rate, and the mitochondrial production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). We also found the role of mitochondrial ROS in appropriate cytokine production. Thus, our results indicate that cytokine production in macrophages is tightly regulated by the nutritional microenvironment.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macrophages rely on extracellular serine to suppress aberrant cytokine production

Kurita

Ohta

Shirakawa

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…A logistic regression model was used to evaluate the relationships between FBH and plausibly related factors, with adjustment for potential confounding factors (age, sex, pharmacotherapy for hypertension or dyslipidemia, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and exercise status), yielding adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95%CIs. As in our previous study[ 11 ], a BMI range of 21.0-22.9 kg/m 2 was used as the reference.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fasting biochemical hypoglycemia and related-factors in non-diabetic population: Kanagawa Investigation of Total Check-up Data from National Database-8

Tanaka¹,

Higuchi²,

Mizusawa³

et al. 2021

WJD

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BACKGROUND In healthy people, the lowest daily blood glucose concentration is usually observed in the early morning, after overnight fasting. However, the clinical relevance and the prevalence of fasting biochemical hypoglycemia (FBH) are poorly understood in people who do not have diabetes, although the clinical implications of such hypoglycemia have been extensively studied in patients with diabetes. FBH can be influenced by many factors, including age, sex, body mass, smoking, alcohol drinking, exercise levels, medications, and eating behaviors, such as breakfast skipping and late-night eating. AIM To determine the prevalence of FBH and investigated its association with potential risk factors in a population without diabetes. METHODS Clinical parameters and lifestyle-related factors were assessed in a cross-sectional study of 695613 people aged 40-74 years who had undergone a health check-up (390282 men and 305331 women). FBH was defined as fasting plasma glucose < 70 mg/dL (3.9 mmol/L) after overnight fasting, regardless of any symptoms. The absence of diabetes was defined as HbA1c < 6.5%, fasting plasma glucose < 126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L), and no pharmacotherapy for diabetes. Multivariate logistic regression analysis, with adjustment for confounding factors, was used to identify associations. RESULTS FBH was present in 1842 participants (0.26%). There were significantly more women in the FBH group (59.1%) than in the non-FBH group (43.9%). Values of most of the clinical parameters, but not age, were significantly lower in the FBH group than in the non-FBH group. Logistic regression analysis showed that a body mass index of ≤ 20.9 kg/m 2 (reference: 21-22.9 kg/m 2 ) and current smoking were significantly associated with FBH, and this was not altered by adjustment for age, sex, and pharmacotherapy for hypertension or dyslipidemia. Female sex was associated with FBH. When the data were analyzed according to sex, men in their 60s or 70s appeared more likely to experience FBH compared with their 40s, whereas men in their 50s and women aged ≥ 50 years appeared less likely to experience FBH. The relationships of FBH with other factors including alcohol drinking and pharmacotherapies for hypertension and dyslipidemia also differed between men and women. CONCLUSION FBH occurs even in non-diabetic people, albeit at a very low frequency. FBH is robustly associated with low body mass and smoking, and its relationship with lifestyle factors varies according to sex.

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“…The skipping of breakfast has been considered to be associated with wait gain, in particular among younger subjects. However, a few studies involving middle-aged population considering sex did not find same results [3] This article aims to highlight the role of breakfast skipping on risk of CVDs and T2DM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…There are variations in eating pattern among various people and populations and in the same family, community and country [1][2][3]. The consumption of typical breakfast, lunch, and dinner meals are difficult to identify due to missing of meals and snacking which are more prevalent [1].…”

Section: Effects Of Eating Patterns On Health and Risk Of Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, eating breakfast regularly, may increase satiety, thereby reducing overeating later in the day to restrict weight gain [4]. Recent studies indicate that skipping breakfast increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases(CVDs) [1][2][3], obesity [4] hypertension, [5] hypercholesterolemia (HC), [6] type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), [7] metabolic syndrome, [8] coronary artery disease (CAD), [9] and cardiovascular mortality (CVM). [10] However, some studies also reported that regular taking of breakfast decreases the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and all-cause mortality [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Breakfast Skipping on The Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Mellitus

Singh¹,

Fedačko²,

Fatima³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Epidemiological studies indicate that skipping breakfast as a universal behavior, may have adverse effects on cardiovascular diseases [CVDs}and metabolic diseases. However, eating breakfast regularly, may increase satiety, thereby reducing overeating later in the day which prevents weight gain. Recent studies indicate that skipping breakfast increases the risk of obesity, metabolic syndrome, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), coronary artery disease (CAD), and cardiovascular mortality as well as all-cause mortality. However, many studies also reported that regular taking of breakfast decreases the risk of CVDs and T2DM and all-cause mortality. Previous studies reported that heavy breakfast, in particular eating western diet may increase circadian rhythm of CVDs and sudden cardiac death. It seems that those who do not eat breakfast, they tend to eat refined and sweetened products, possibly, more in the night resulting in to greater risk of CVDs and T2DM. Breakfast skipping and eating in the night, may be associated with circadian misalignment in the central and peripheral clocks, leading to oxidative stress and inflammation. Increased systemic inflammation damages the adipocytes, beta cells of pancreas, endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells as well as neurons, which may produce dysfunction in these cells resulting in to related diseases. The beneficial effects of breakfast, may also be, at least in part, due to nutrient dense foods rather than time of eating. Eating regular breakfast, in particular rich in Indo-Mediterranean foods; vegetables, whole grains, fruits, spices and nuts may be protective against circadian increase in oxidative stress in the morning, resulting in to significant decline in the risk of CVDs and T2DM.

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Unexpectedly High Prevalence of Breakfast Skipping in Low Body-Weight Middle-Aged Men: Results of the Kanagawa Investigation of Total Checkup Data from the National Data Base-7 (KITCHEN-7)

Cited by 4 publications

References 32 publications

Macrophages rely on extracellular serine to suppress aberrant cytokine production

Macrophages rely on extracellular serine to suppress aberrant cytokine production

Fasting biochemical hypoglycemia and related-factors in non-diabetic population: Kanagawa Investigation of Total Check-up Data from National Database-8

Effects of Breakfast Skipping on The Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Mellitus

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