Unexplained infertility: prevalence, possible causes and treatment options. A review of the literature

Abdelazim, Ibrahim A.; Purohit, Prashant; Farag, Rania H.; Zhurabekova, Gulmira

doi:10.5114/jogi.2018.74250

Cited by 10 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…This study of a largely urban population shows that 2/3 of the women had primary subfertility, an average period of infertility of 5.6 years. This average period encompasses the clinical de nition of infertility (1 year), the epidemiological de nition (2 years) and the demographic de nition (5 years) meaning that most couples present when chances of natural spontaneous conception would have considerably waned off (4). This is in agreement with a study amongst Sudanese couples were the mean duration was 4.9 years and 68.9% had primary subfertility (13) and with a study in Marrakech-Sa region of Morocco where about 2/3 of infertile couples had primary subfertility (14).This in sharp contrast to a study in Bauchi district of Nigeria where 38% (about 1/3) had primary subfertility (15) and in Erode were primary subfertility accounted for 90% of cases (15).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The prevalence of infertility using a clinical de nition and conception as an outcome is much higher as more couples conceive naturally with progression of time. Identifying clinical infertility allows earlier assessment of affected women, however up to 15% of normal couples might fail to conceive just by chance in the rst year of attempting (4).The contribution of male and female factors is about 40% each. For women, ovulatory failure is the commonest factor (25%), followed by tubal factors (20%).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Causes of Infertility in Women Presenting to Gynaecology Clinics in Harare, Zimbabwe; A Cross Sectional Study

Madziyire

Magwali

Chikwasha

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Infertility affects 48.5 million couples globally. It is defined clinically as failure to conceive after 12 months or more of regular unprotected sexual intercourse. The contribution of various aetiological factors to infertility differs per population. The causes of infertility have not been assessed in Zimbabwe. Our objectives were to determine the reproductive characteristics, causes and outcomes of women presenting for infertility care.Methods A retrospective and prospective study of women who had not conceived within a year of having unprotected intercourse presenting in private and public facilities in Harare was done. A diagnosis was made based on the history, examination and results whenever these were deemed sufficient. Data was analysed using STATA SE/15.Results A total of 216 women were recruited. The mean age of the women was 32.9±5.7 years. Two thirds (144) of the women had primary infertility. The overall period of infertility ranged from 1-21 years with an average of 5.6±4.7 years whilst 98 (45.4%) of the couples had experienced 2-4 years of infertility and 94 (43.5%) had experience 5 or more years of infertility. About 1 in 5 of the women had irregular menstrual cycles with 10 of them having experienced amenorrhoea of at least 1 year. Almost half of the participants (49%) were overweight or obese. The most common cause for infertility was ‘unexplained’ in 22% of the women followed by tubal blockage in 20%, male factor in 19% and anovulation in 16%. Of the 49 (22.7%) women who conceived 21(9.7%) had a live birth while 23 (10.7%) had an ongoing pregnancy at the end of follow up. Thirty-seven (17.1%) had ART in the form of IVF/ICSI or IUI. Assisted Reproduction was significantly associated with conception.Conclusion Most women present when chances of natural spontaneous conception are considerably reduced. This study shows an almost equal contribution between tubal factors, male factor and unexplained infertility. Almost half of the causes are female factors constituted by tubal factors, anovulation and a mixture of the two. Improved access to ART will result in improved pregnancy rates. Programs should target comprehensive assessment of both partners and offer ART.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Causes of Infertility in Women Presenting to Gynaecology Clinics in Harare, Zimbabwe; A Cross Sectional Study

Madziyire

Magwali

Chikwasha

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…According to the evidence, in-vitro fertilization (IVF) is the best option for women who are older than 40 years of age. Two cycles of gonadotropin stimulation and intrauterine insemination (IUI) should be considered before offering the IVF treatment [2] [3].…”

Section: Open Journal Of Obstetrics and Gynecologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In younger women, treatment policy should follow a stepwise manner of expectant management followed by stimulated intrauterine insemination (IUI) before moving to IVF [3].…”

Section: Open Journal Of Obstetrics and Gynecologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Psychiatric Aspects of Egyptian Women with Unexplained Infertility

Mostafa¹,

Elashram²

2020

OJOG

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Background: The diagnosis of unexplained infertility may be very frustrating for infertile couples and they show higher depression levels when compared to fertile couples. Aim: To assess the psychiatric aspects of Egyptian women with unexplained infertility. Methods: 220 infertile women were included in this study (110 with unexplained infertility and 110 with explained infertility). The psychiatric aspect of these women was evaluated using the translated and validated Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale and the Beck Depression Inventory-II. Findings: The number of women with mild depression was significantly higher in the unexplained infertility group (47/110 (42.7%)) versus (22/110 (20%)) in the explained infertility group (P = 0.007). The number of women with moderate anxiety was significantly higher in the unexplained infertility group (26/110 (23.6%)) versus (8/110 (7.3%)) in the explained infertility group (P = 0.003). Conclusion: The current study concluded that mild depression and moderate anxiety were significantly higher in the unexplained infertility group. It is crucial to identify infertility women who are in need of psychological support and counseling during infertility treatment, because the psychological disturbance of the infertile women may affect the outcome of infertility treatment.

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Investigation of the relationship between reproductive disorders and chromosomal abnormalities in a large-scale, single-center 10-year retrospective study

Ertosun

ARACI²,

PEKER³

et al. 2022

Journal of Gynecology Obstetrics and Human Reproduction

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Unexplained infertility: prevalence, possible causes and treatment options. A review of the literature

Cited by 10 publications

References 28 publications

The Causes of Infertility in Women Presenting to Gynaecology Clinics in Harare, Zimbabwe; A Cross Sectional Study

The Causes of Infertility in Women Presenting to Gynaecology Clinics in Harare, Zimbabwe; A Cross Sectional Study

Psychiatric Aspects of Egyptian Women with Unexplained Infertility

Investigation of the relationship between reproductive disorders and chromosomal abnormalities in a large-scale, single-center 10-year retrospective study

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