Uniaxial ratchetting of 20 carbon steel: Macroscopic and microscopic experimental observations

The effect of low cycle fatigue, ratcheting and mean stress relaxation on stress–strain response and microstructural development in a dual phase steel

“…For a constant stress amplitude of 550 MPa, increasing the mean stress increases the ratcheting strain and directional strain accumulation rate, and reduces the number of cycles to failure. Both of these results are consistent with ratcheting studies carried out on various materials [14][15][16][17][18][19][20]23,24].…”

“…However, the authors have not found extensive experimental literature on MSR and ratcheting response for DP steel. Several microstructural investigation on the ratcheting behavior of materials were reported in literatures, including: AISI316L stainless steel [12,13], carbon steel and 316L stainless steel [14,15], Ti-6Al-4V two phase alloy [16], 304LN stainless steel [17,18], recrystallized molybdenum [19] and hot-rolled AZ31B magnesium alloy [20]. Dingreville et al [21] reported the variation of microscopic ratcheting with various microstructural morphology in their crystal plasticity investigation.…”

Ratcheting assessment of steel alloys under uniaxial loading: a parametric model versus hardening rule of Bower

“…[1][2][3] Over last decades, several cyclic plasticity hardening rules of linear, 4 multilinear 5 and nonlinear 6 have been developed to characterize ratcheting responses in materials. 1,2,[12][13][14][15][16] Ratcheting deformation is attributed to plastic slip, dislocation movement and cell formations. Bower 10,11 proposed simple nonlinear kinematic hardening rule to predict ratcheting strain rate decay during the process of rolling and sliding contact of ductile metals.…”

Fatigue life estimation in presence of ratcheting phenomenon for AISI 304LN stainless steel tested under uniaxial cyclic loading

“…In the secondary zone, a steady state ratcheting rate is maintained indicating a balance between cyclic hardening and softening. This kind of attainment of steady state in strain accumulation is a common phenomenon in ratcheting behaviour of materials as is evidenced in existing literature for example for cyclic stabilizing materials such as annealed 42CrMo steel and carbon steel (Kang et al, 2011), aluminium alloy (Dutta and Ray, 2012), interstitial free steel (Dutta and Ray, 2013), etc. The steady state obtained in secondary region of the ratcheting deformation can be explained from the viewpoint of dislocation formation and their re-distribution with continued cycling.…”