Unidirectional Suppression of
            <i>Anaplasma phagocytophilum</i>
            Genotypes in Infected Lambs

Stuen, Snorre; Dahl, Hilde Margrete; Bergström, Karin; Moum, Truls

doi:10.1128/cdli.12.12.1448-1450.2005

Cited by 17 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Nonetheless, although we considered that the approach that we used merely identified the major contributing sequence type of a potential guild of infecting A. phagocytophilum strains, the clarity of most of the sequence data obtained indicated that the characterized sequence type was the overwhelming contributor to the guild and therefore probably the most important in terms of transmission. Our observation of a single genotype dominating the community of A. phagocytophilum strains in the blood is in keeping with previous studies (29,33). However, our results also suggest that a dominant genotype does not remain so for long.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…The repeated but sporadic detection of rickettsemia in our study, for example, as seen for msp4 sequence type A in lamb 6019, is in keeping with this pattern. However, other experimental studies have demonstrated that the kinetics described above can be disrupted if other infecting A. phagocytophilum strains are present (29,33). Given the number of msp4 sequence types encountered in our study, it is very likely that lambs were simultaneously infected with multiple A. phagocytophilum strains; hence, interstrain interactions, affecting the infection kinetics of each, would be expected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

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Dynamic Transmission of NumerousAnaplasma phagocytophilumGenotypes among Lambs in an Infected Sheep Flock in an Area of Anaplasmosis Endemicity

et al. 2008

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The transmission dynamics of Anaplasma phagocytophilum strains circulating within juvenile members of a sheep flock grazing on an Ixodes ricinus-infested pasture in southern Norway were monitored. PCR-based detection of the bacterial p44 fragments in the blood of 16 lambs sampled weekly for 16 weeks following their release into pasture revealed rickettsemia in all animals, with an increasing proportion of infected animals as the survey progressed. Comparison of partial msp4 sequences obtained from infected blood samples revealed 24 distinct genotypes, some of which were repeatedly encountered, occurring in up to six sheep over a 14-week period, whereas others were observed only once. Individual sheep were infected by up to five distinct genotypes, with a specific genotype being encountered for between one and three consecutive weeks, and in some sheep, genotypes detected early in the study were also present in later samples. In general, detection of A. phagocytophilum by PCR correlated well with the observation of infected neutrophils in blood smears. Together these results reveal a previously unrecognized diversity of A. phagocytophilum strains simultaneously circulating within an infected population in an area of endemicity and are consistent with a remarkably dynamic transmission of strains among infected animals.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Dynamic Transmission of NumerousAnaplasma phagocytophilumGenotypes among Lambs in an Infected Sheep Flock in an Area of Anaplasmosis Endemicity

et al. 2008

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“…Whether this is due to competition among Anaplasma species remains to be elucidated, although it has been shown that some Anaplasma genotypes can prevent the multiplication of other genotypes. This has been observed in A. marginale, A. ovis, and A. phagocytophilum (5,6,22). In addition, sequence analysis revealed that goats are the most likely potential hosts of A. marginale and Anaplasma species closely related to A. platys.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Molecular Survey and Genetic Identification of Anaplasma Species in Goats from Central and Southern China

Liu

Wang

et al. 2012

Appl Environ Microbiol

156

140

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“…Recent studies indicate that hosts may be infected with several variants simultaneously, and that these variants behave differently and interact in the mammalian host (Stuen et al, 2005).…”

Section: Genetic Variantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anaplasma Phagocytophilum - the Most Widespread Tick-Borne Infection in Animals in Europe

2007

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The bacterium Anaplasma phagocytophilum (formerly Ehrlichia phagocytophila) may cause infection in several animal species including human. The disease in domestic ruminants is also called tick-borne fever (TBF), and has been known for at least 200 years. In Europe, clinical manifestations due to A. phagocytophilum have been recorded in sheep, goat, cattle, horse, dog, cat, roe deer, reindeer and human. However, seropositive and PCR-positive mammalian have been detected in several other species. Investigations indicate that the infection is prevalent in Ixodes ricinus areas in most countries in Europe. A. phagocytophilum infection may cause high fever, cytoplasmatic inclusions in phagocytes and severe neutropenia, but is seldom fatal unless complicated by other infections. Complications may include abortions, and impaired spermatogenesis for several months. However, the most important aspect of the infection at least in sheep is its implication as a predisposing factor for other infections. Factors such as climate, management, other infections, individual conditions etc. are important for the outcome of the infection. A. phagocytophilum may cause persistent infection in several species. Based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences several variants exist. Different variants may exist within the same herd and even simultaneously in the same animal. Variants may behave differently and interact in the mammalian host.

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Unidirectional Suppression of Anaplasma phagocytophilum Genotypes in Infected Lambs

Cited by 17 publications

References 23 publications

Dynamic Transmission of NumerousAnaplasma phagocytophilumGenotypes among Lambs in an Infected Sheep Flock in an Area of Anaplasmosis Endemicity

Dynamic Transmission of NumerousAnaplasma phagocytophilumGenotypes among Lambs in an Infected Sheep Flock in an Area of Anaplasmosis Endemicity

Molecular Survey and Genetic Identification of Anaplasma Species in Goats from Central and Southern China

Anaplasma Phagocytophilum - the Most Widespread Tick-Borne Infection in Animals in Europe

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