Unified nonlinear electroelastic dynamics of a bimorph piezoelectric cantilever for energy harvesting, sensing, and actuation

Leadenham, Stephen; Ertürk, Alper

doi:10.1007/s11071-014-1770-x

Cited by 170 publications

(147 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In the existing literatureofpiezoelectrice nergy harvesting, linear and nonlinear beams and plates with piezoelectric layers have been the main focus of the mainstream research. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Numerous articles have reported the development of analytical and numerical electromechanical models of cantilevered energy harvesters for the optimal mechanical and electrical conditions [9,11,[20][21][22] with the assumption that the vibration input to the harvesteri so fd eterministic type,o ften as simple as harmonic excitation at resonance. [7,12,23,24] However, in most applications,a mbientv ibrations are manifested in non-deterministicf orms.W hen compared with the amount of published research on piezoelectric energy harvesters with deterministic harmonic input, the existinge fforts on piezo-electric energy harvesting from broadband and band-limited random vibrations are very limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soft and Hard Piezoelectric Ceramics and Single Crystals for Random Vibration Energy Harvesting

2018

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Vibration‐based energy harvesting for enabling next‐generation self‐powered devices is a rapidly growing research area. In real‐world applications, the ambient vibrational energy is often available in non‐deterministic forms rather than the extensively studied deterministic scenarios, such as simple harmonic excitation. It is of interest to choose the best piezoelectric material for a given random excitation. Here, performance comparisons of various soft and hard piezoelectric ceramics and single crystals are presented for electrical power generation under band‐limited off‐resonance and wideband random vibration energy‐harvesting scenarios. For low‐frequency off‐resonance excitation, it is found that soft piezoelectric ceramics based upon lead zirconate titanate (e.g., PZT‐5H and PZT‐5A) outperform their hard counterparts (e.g., PZT‐4 and PZT‐8), and likewise soft single crystals based upon lead magnesium niobate and lead titanate as well as PZT (e.g., PMN‐PT and PMN‐PZT) outperform the relatively hard ones (e.g., manganese‐doped PMN‐PZT‐Mn). Overall, for such off‐resonance random vibrations, PMN‐PT is the most suitable choice among the materials studied. For wideband random excitation with a bandwidth covering the fundamental resonance of the harvester, hard piezoelectric ceramics offer larger power output compared to soft ceramics, and likewise hard single crystals produce larger power compared to their soft counterparts. Remarkably, a hard piezoelectric ceramic (e.g., PZT‐8) can outperform a soft single crystal (e.g., PMN‐PT) for wideband random vibration energy harvesting.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soft and Hard Piezoelectric Ceramics and Single Crystals for Random Vibration Energy Harvesting

2018

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“…In this way, the proposed model is capable to predict a softening/hardening curves with their peaks changing linearly with the excitation magnitude. This comes from the fact the linear change in peak response frequency with increased excitation level has been observed in experimental research on both stiff and soft piezoelectric materials-note papers by Usher and Sim [40], Mahmoodi et al [22] and Leadenham and Erturk [19] among others.…”

Section: Piezoelectric Materials Modelmentioning

confidence: 94%

Nonlinear vibrations of a rotating thin-walled composite piezo-beam with circumferentially uniform stiffness (CUS)

Latalski

Warmiński

2019

Nonlinear Dyn

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A rotating system comprising a hub and a thin-walled laminate cantilever beam with embedded nonlinear piezoelectric layers is analysed in the paper. The reinforcing fibres setup in composite material conforms to circumferentially uniform stiffness lamination scheme. This configuration exhibits the mutual bending couplings in two orthogonal planes. Nonlinear analytical model of a piezoelectric material embedded onto the beam walls is postulated by considering the higher-order constitutive relations with respect to electric field variable. Moreover, to properly model electromechanical structural behaviour, the full two-way coupling piezoelectric effect is considered. To this aim, the assumption of a spanwise electric field variation is postulated in the mathematical model of the structure. Based on previous authors' research, the system of mutually coupled nonlinear equations of motion is formulated. In the numerical analysis the forced response of the system under zero and nonzero mean value harmonic torque excitation is considered. In particular, the influence of hub inertia, excitation amplitude and mean

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“…However, the main concern in this study is the first mode (flexural mode); thus, a converged solution is achieved with admissible functions that "resemble" the eigenfunctions of a cantilever beam with the same boundary conditions [28,30]. Indeed, for the first-mode nonlinear cantilever beam vibration problem, Hamdan, Elvin and Elvin, and Leadenham and Erturk have observed the convergence of the solution with the resembled admissible functions as long as the base displacement is small relative to the tip displacement [30][31][32]. For single mode, the assumed solution becomes:…”

Section: Equation Of Motion Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Damage precursor detection for structures subjected to rotational base vibration

Habtour

Cole

Stanton³

et al. 2016

International Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics

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This paper presents a nonlinear dynamic methodology for monitoring precursors of fatigue damage in metallic structures under variable rotational base excitation. The methodology accounts for important nonlinearities due to the complex loading generated by variable rotation and structural degradation. The sources of the nonlinearities include: structural stiffening due to gyroscopic motion and high-response amplitude at the fundamental mode, softening due to inertial forces and gyroscopic loads, and localized microscopic material damage and microplasticity. The loading intensity and number of vibration cycles increase the influence of these effects. The change in the dynamic response due to fatigue damage accumulation is experimentally investigated by exciting a cantilever beam at variable rotational base motions.The observed fatigue evolution in the material microstructure at regions of large stresses (and the resulting progressive structural softening) is tracked by quantifying the growth in the tip response, the change in the fundamental natural frequency of the beam and the skewedness of the stepped-sine response curve. Previous understanding of the structural dynamic behavior is necessary to ascertain the damage precursor location and evolution. Nanoindentation studies near the beam clamped boundary are conducted to confirm the gradual progression in the local mechanical properties as a function of loading cycles, and microstructural studies are conducted to obtain qualitative preliminary insights into the microstructure evolution. This study demonstrates that careful monitoring of the in the nonlinearities in the structural dynamic response can be a sensitive parameter for detection of damage precursors.

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Unified nonlinear electroelastic dynamics of a bimorph piezoelectric cantilever for energy harvesting, sensing, and actuation

Cited by 170 publications

References 21 publications

Soft and Hard Piezoelectric Ceramics and Single Crystals for Random Vibration Energy Harvesting

Soft and Hard Piezoelectric Ceramics and Single Crystals for Random Vibration Energy Harvesting

Nonlinear vibrations of a rotating thin-walled composite piezo-beam with circumferentially uniform stiffness (CUS)

Damage precursor detection for structures subjected to rotational base vibration

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