Unified quantum jump superoperator for optical fields from the weak- to the strong-coupling limit

Abstract

2010. Unified quantum jump superoperator for optical fields from the weak-to the strong-coupling limit.We derive a generalized quantum jump superoperator that can be used in the quantum trajectory description of single photon detectors, light-emitting diodes (LEDs), and lasers. Our model describes an optical single-mode cavity field coupled to a reservoir through a two-state quantum system and includes three physical parameters: the coupling of the field to the two-state system, the coupling of the two-state system to the reservoir, and the cavity loss rate. In this setup, the two-state system can act as a photodetector or as an energy-adding mechanism. In the first case, we assume that the reservoir acts as a damping mechanism for an ideal cavity and derive reduced field operators describing the photon detection events. Our model coincides with the commonly known quantum trajectory based photon counting models at the weak-and strong-coupling limits and is, furthermore, also applicable between their validity regimes. In the second case, we assume that the reservoir injects energy into a lossy cavity through the two-state system. Again we derive the reduced field operators describing photon creation events into the lossy cavity. We show that this setup can act as an LED or as a laser depending on the strength of the injection. We also investigate how the setup operates at the close proximity of the lasing threshold.

Generation of nonclassical light by nonlinear cavities

“…The model has been shown to be applicable on describing single and a few atom emitters as well as semiconductor emitters. [8][9][10][11] Equation (1) leads to transition rate A A (n + 1)/(1 + B A (n + 1))p n from n photon Fock state |n to state |n + 1 , where p n = n|ρ|n is the probability of n photons in the field. The total amplification rate of the setup is then given by…”

“…(7) with C 2 = 0 reproduces single mode laser field if B An ≫ 1. 8,9 Furthermore, the strength of the field at steady state is given byn = A A /(B A C 1 ). Therefore, we have to choose our model parameters so that the saturation coefficient B A ≫ 1 and the saturated gain A A /B A is of the order of the cavity loss factors C 1 and C 2 .…”

“…16 Figure 2 shows the number of photons in the cavity, cumulative number of emitted photons, cumulative number of photons emitted out of cavity after pulse is switched off, cumulative number of photons absorbed by the TPA, and the zero time difference second order coherence degree g (2) (t, t) for four different parameter sets solved by integrating the master equation (7) numerically. The current injection pulse length is determined using condition (9). Since g (2) (t, t) < 1 for t ≥ t p , the photons are clearly antibunched except in the last case where a coherent field (g (2) (t, t) = 1) is generated for a comparison.…”

Quantum aspects of optical energy transfer in cavities and layered media

“…[8][9][10] In the input-output relation approach the fields are represented using position dependent creation and annihilation operators, but the approach can not be directly applied to model energy transfer within a cavity e.g. due the anomalies found in the photon number operator in the cavity.…”

Modeling the evolution of quantum optical states in optoelectronic devices

“…4,5 In this work we apply our quantum trajectory based model to calculate the statistics of optical fields in semiconductor devices. We show that the model can be applied to describe light emitting diodes (LEDs) and lasers and, furthermore, detection experiments of cavity fields.…”