Unified theory of resonant excitation of kinetic ballooning modes by energetic ions and alpha particles in tokamaks

Biglari, H.; Chen, L.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.67.3681

Cited by 80 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Theoretically, a second class of potentially dangerous modes are the ballooning modes [404]. Like the internal kink, ballooning modes can be driven unstable by the bulk plasma but, when the ideal MHD growth rate is marginally stable, kinetic effects may become important.…”

Section: A L M N Waves and Ballooning Modesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The behaviour of fast ions in tokamak experiments

1994

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ABSTRACT. Fast ions with energies significantly larger than the bulk ion temperature are used to heat most tokamak plasmas. Fast ion populations created by fusion reactions, by neutral beam injection and by radiofrequency (RF) heating are usually concentrated in the centre of the plasma. The velocity distribution of these fast ion populations is determined primarily by Coulomb scattering; during wave heating, perpendicular acceleration by the RF waves is also important. Transport of fast ions is typically much slower than thermal transport, except during MHD events. Intense fast ion populations drive collective instabilities. Implications for the behaviour of alpha particles in future devices are discussed.

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Section: A L M N Waves and Ballooning Modesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The behaviour of fast ions in tokamak experiments

1994

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“…[9][10][11][12] Another large class of instabilities are fishbones, which are internal kink modes driven via a resonance with the precession frequency of trapped fast ions. [13][14][15] It has been recently found that a geodesic acoustic mode (GAM), which is mainly an electrostatic mode, 16 can be excited by a population of fast ions. It is then called an EGAM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fully kinetic description of the linear excitation and nonlinear saturation of fast-ion-driven geodesic acoustic mode instability

et al. 2012

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We show in this paper that geodesic acoustic modes (GAMs) can be efficiently excited by a population of fast ions even when Landau damping on thermal ions is accounted for. We report in particular fully kinetic calculations of the GAM dispersion relation and its complete solution. Written under a variational form, the quasi-neutrality condition, together with the kinetic Vlasov equation, leads to the density of exchanged energy between particles and the mode. In particular, a linear threshold for the GAMs excitation is derived. Two examples of fast ion distribution have been discussed analytically. It turns out that particles with high perpendicular energy compared to the parallel resonance energy are most responsible for the excitation of the mode. Subsequent numerical simulations of circular plasmas using GYSELA code have been carried out. In particular, the linear kinetic threshold has been reproduced during the excitation phase, and a nonlinear saturation has been observed. Analysis in the phase space of the evolution of the equilibrium distribution function is presented and the saturation level quantified.

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“…For burning plasmas ε c ε b [40], but we have kept ε c in Eq. (5) for consistency with models often adopted by numerical codes; e.g., [41,42].…”

Section: Dispersion Relationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linear dispersion relation of beta-induced Alfvén eigenmodes in presence of anisotropic energetic ions

Chavdarovski

et al. 2014

Physics of Plasmas

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Unified theory of resonant excitation of kinetic ballooning modes by energetic ions and alpha particles in tokamaks

Cited by 80 publications

References 14 publications

The behaviour of fast ions in tokamak experiments

The behaviour of fast ions in tokamak experiments

Fully kinetic description of the linear excitation and nonlinear saturation of fast-ion-driven geodesic acoustic mode instability

Linear dispersion relation of beta-induced Alfvén eigenmodes in presence of anisotropic energetic ions

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