Unilateral jumps in different directions: a novel assessment of soccer-associated power?

Murtagh, Conall F.; Vanrenterghem, Jos; O’Boyle, Andrew; Morgans, Ryland; Drust, Barry; Erskine, Robert M.

doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2017.03.016

Cited by 19 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…For a comparison of unilateral jump performance between elite and non-elite soccer players, please refer to our data presented in a previously published study specifically aimed to determine whether jump performance could distinguish between soccer playing levels (Murtagh et al 2017). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unilateral CMJ tasks oriented in different directions have been suggested to represent a measurement of soccer-associated power (Murtagh et al 2017), and the relationship between tendon properties and unilateral CMJ performance in different directions are, therefore, of interest for the assessment and development of muscular power in elite soccer players. Our study showed that in soccer players, PT elongation and strain were both positively related to unilateral horizontal-forward CMJ peak H-power and unilateral medial CMJ peak M-power, while tendon stiffness was inversely related to unilateral horizontal-forward CMJ peak H-power and unilateral medial CMJ peak M-power.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Participants performed three trials of each CMJ type (with 60 s recovery between trials within a single CMJ type, and 180 s between jump types), thus performing a total of 18 CMJs (9 unilateral jumps on each leg). The methods for the performance and data analysis of unilateral CMJs have been explained in detail previously (Murtagh et al 2017). As recommended by Jaric et al (2005), peak power outputs achieved during CMJs were isometrically scaled to body mass (peak power divided by body mass 0.67 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This activity profile implies that the most common type of powerful actions elicited involve the successive combination of eccentric and concentric muscle actions, also known as the stretch-shortening cycle (Cavanagh and Komi 1979). Indeed, elite soccer players have been previously shown to outperform non-elite soccer players during unilateral jumping activities in different directions, which induce stretch-shortening cycle actions in the muscle–tendon unit of the lower limb (Murtagh et al 2017). The viscoelastic properties of the tendon affect the interaction between the contractile and elastic elements of the muscle–tendon unit, and are thought to influence performance during stretch-shortening cycle activities (Bojsen-Møller et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, we have previously shown that multi-directional unilateral CMJs assess independent power qualities (Murtagh et al 2017) and are underpinned by discrete neuromuscular factors (Murtagh et al 2018). However, the importance of tendon properties in elite soccer and their contribution to unilateral CMJ performance in different directions is unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Patellar tendon properties distinguish elite from non-elite soccer players and are related to peak horizontal but not vertical power

et al. 2018

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PurposeTo investigate potential differences in patellar tendon properties between elite and non-elite soccer players, and to establish whether tendon properties were related to power assessed during unilateral jumps performed in different directions.MethodsElite (n = 16; age 18.1 ± 1.0 years) and non-elite (n = 13; age 22.3 ± 2.7 years) soccer players performed vertical, horizontal-forward and medial unilateral countermovement jumps (CMJs) on a force plate. Patellar tendon (PT) cross-sectional area, elongation, strain, stiffness, and Young’s modulus (measured at the highest common force interval) were assessed with ultrasonography and isokinetic dynamometry.ResultsElite demonstrated greater PT elongation (6.83 ± 1.87 vs. 4.92 ± 1.88 mm, P = 0.011) and strain (11.73 ± 3.25 vs. 8.38 ± 3.06%, P = 0.009) than non-elite soccer players. Projectile range and peak horizontal power during horizontal-forward CMJ correlated positively with tendon elongation (r = 0.657 and 0.693, P < 0.001) but inversely with Young’s modulus (r = − 0.376 and − 0.402; P = 0.044 and 0.031). Peak medial power during medial CMJ correlated positively with tendon elongation (r = 0.658, P < 0.001) but inversely with tendon stiffness (r = − 0.368, P = 0.050).ConclusionsNot only does a more compliant patellar tendon appear to be an indicator of elite soccer playing status but it may also facilitate unilateral horizontal-forward and medial, but not vertical CMJ performance. These findings should be considered when prescribing talent selection and development protocols related to direction-specific power in elite soccer players.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Patellar tendon properties distinguish elite from non-elite soccer players and are related to peak horizontal but not vertical power

et al. 2018

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Functional performance and interlimb asymmetries of young football players during single-leg jump tests

Scinicarelli

Offerhaus

Feodoroff

et al. 2021

Ger J Exerc Sport Res

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Background Jumps are predominant components in football (soccer). Interlimb functional difference in single-leg jump performance is a risk factor for lower extremities injuries. Screening uninjured athletes is essential to design prevention strategies and implement individual training interventions. The aims of this cross-sectional study were (1) to provide age-specific mean values and limb symmetry index (LSI) in young football players, (2) to detect age effect on LSI and interlimb functional differences and (3) to investigate the association of age with single-leg functional performance and LSI. Methods A total of 146 male football players (age 14.2 ± 2.3) performed the countermovement jump, jump for distance, side hop and speedy jump tests. Descriptive statistics, mean values (dominant/non-dominant) and LSI were provided according to age groups (U11–U19). Two-way mixed analysis of variance (ANOVA), one-way ANOVA and Pearson’s correlation were used for the statistical analysis. Results Participants showed on average perfect LSI (103.8 ± 14.2%) amongst all tests and age groups. Interlimb functional differences occurred in three out of four tests (p < 0.05), without age interaction (p > 0.05). Age effect was positively associated with single-leg functional performance (p < 0.05), but not with LSI (p > 0.05), in all tests and age groups. Conclusion An LSI ≥100% in single-leg jump tests is proposed as a benchmark in young football players, but interlimb performance differences may occur without age interaction. Nevertheless, the growth process plays a crucial role in the development of functional capacities: older players may show a higher single-leg jump performance, but not a higher LSI, than younger players. In football practice, preventive intervention is advisable to counteract interlimb performance differences, for which unilateral strength, power and plyometric training is recommended.

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Assessment of Strength and Power Capacities in Elite Male Soccer: A Systematic Review of Test Protocols Used in Practice and Research

Asimakidis,

Mukandi,

Beato

et al. 2024

Sports Med

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Background Strength and power represent two crucial physical qualities for the attainment of a high level of performance considering the frequency and the importance of explosive actions occurring during elite soccer match-play. Evaluation of strength and power is a multifaceted concept involving a vast array of tests and outcome variables. Nevertheless, a comprehensive and systematic search of strength and power assessment procedures in elite soccer has yet to be undertaken. Objectives The aims of this systematic review were to: (1) identify the tests and outcome variables used to assess strength and power of elite male soccer players; (2) provide normative values for the most common tests of strength and power across different playing levels; and (3) report the reliability values of these strength and power tests. Methods A systematic review of the academic databases MEDLINE, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science and OVID for studies published until August 2023 was conducted, following the Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they: (1) were original research studies, published in a peer-reviewed journal, and written in English language; (2) had the primary aim to assess strength and/or power; (3) players were male and older than 17 years of age (i.e., mean age of the group); and (4) their playing level was defined as “professional”, “international” or “elite”. Results Regarding strength testing, 115 studies and 29 different tests were identified. The three most frequent strength tests were the knee extensor isokinetic strength test (58 studies), the knee flexor isokinetic strength test (55 studies) and the Nordic hamstring strength test (13 studies). In terms of power testing, 127 studies with 31 different tests were included. The three most frequent power tests were the countermovement jump with hands fixed on hips (99 studies), the squat jump (48 studies) and the vertical jump with arm swing (29 studies). Conclusions The wide range of different tests and outcome variables identified in this systematic review highlights the large diversity in the employed testing procedures. The establishment of a hybrid testing approach, combining standardised and widely accepted tests for establishing normative standards and enabling comparisons across different contexts, with flexible context-specific testing batteries, has the potential to maximise the impact of testing information for practitioners. In addition, the limited reporting of reliability data across studies highlights the need for practitioners to establish their own reliability measure within their specific contexts, informing the selection of certain tests and outcome variables.

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Unilateral jumps in different directions: a novel assessment of soccer-associated power?

Cited by 19 publications

References 24 publications

Patellar tendon properties distinguish elite from non-elite soccer players and are related to peak horizontal but not vertical power

Patellar tendon properties distinguish elite from non-elite soccer players and are related to peak horizontal but not vertical power

Functional performance and interlimb asymmetries of young football players during single-leg jump tests

Assessment of Strength and Power Capacities in Elite Male Soccer: A Systematic Review of Test Protocols Used in Practice and Research

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