Unintended Consequences of Repression: Alliance Formation in South Korea's Democracy Movement (1970-1979)

Chang, Paul Y.

doi:10.1353/sof.0.0153

Cited by 53 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…Meso-and micro-level research has not suggested likely responses to repression beyond deterrence or escalation. One notable exception is Chang (2008), but he is focused less on mobilization than on the effect of repression on alliances among SMOs.…”

Section: Alternative Effects On Mobilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Political Repression: Iron Fists, Velvet Gloves, and Diffuse Control

2011

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This article reviews research on political repression by social movement scholars. Four topics are discussed: (a) debates over the conceptualization of repression, the breadth of the concept, whether distinctions within the concept are productive and/or forms of repression are directly comparable, and the relationship between repression and political opportunities; (b) recent research on different types of repression, particularly protest policing; (c) an evaluation of research on different explanations of repression; and (d ) an evaluation of research on the consequences of repression. Attention is also paid to areas where future research effort might be most productively spent, including identifying substantial gaps where more research is needed, where important debates exist that need research to push toward their resolution, where robust results exist but could be furthered by refinements, and where a more inclusive conceptualization of repression may link the study of repression to other significant literatures. 261

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Section: Alternative Effects On Mobilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Political Repression: Iron Fists, Velvet Gloves, and Diffuse Control

2011

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“…However, more recent empirical studies highlight that repression can fuel protest mobilization (Francisco 1995;Jenkins et al 2003;Khawaja 1993;Olivier 1990;Olzak and Olivier 1998), if repression provides justification for opposition against the coercive regime and increases a protest movement's legitimacy. Furthermore, in the Korean context, repression has been one of the most important predictors for mobilization (Chang 2008;Lee 2011). Against this theoretical backdrop, I expect that state repression is likely to increase protests in the case I analyze.…”

Section: Political Opportunity Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Micro-Dynamics of Protests: The Political and Cultural Conditions for Anti-U.S. Beef Protests in South Korea

Lee

2012

Sociological Perspectives

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Theoretical developments on the temporalities of social movements have been grounded in both long-term and midterm perspectives. This focus has obscured the processes of short-term mobilizations, leaving it unclear whether the established models explain the micro-dynamics of short-term protests. Considering the important effects short-term protests have on political processes, it is crucial to analyze how they develop in interaction with their external environment every day. This article seeks to address this research lacuna by extending the current perspectives into short-term protests. It tests whether the daily fluctuations of political and cultural contexts shaped the anti-U.S. beef protests in South Korea in 2008, with a temporal span of 121 days. The findings emphasize the importance of political and discursive opportunities for protests to develop: Whäe state repression as well as state actors' dissonant/incoherent statements spurred protests, third-party actors' dissonant/incoherent opinions in the conservative media led to a decline in protests.

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“…15 It might not be going too far to say that the non-resolution of the internal conflict was partly an unintended consequence of the repression. This kind of outcome has been studied in the social movement sector, for example with regard to the facilitating of coalitions between diverse organizations (Chang 2008). The case of Spanish anarchism suggests an examination of the internal situation of the movement, where the repression may have impeded a long peaceful and open debate which would have produced a unified position.…”

Section: Comparisonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factionalism in Transition: A Comparison of Ruptures in the Spanish Anarchist Movement

Romanos

2011

Journal of Historical Sociology

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The three most important ruptures in Spanish anarchism in the 20 th century (1931, 1945 and 1979) occurred during political transitions towards more open and democratic systems. How did the political context influence these processes of factionalism and rupture? This article attempts to answer this question by means of a qualitative comparison of the three episodes. The results highlight the role played by two environmental factors: the isolation imposed by the previous repression, which encouraged the growth of divergent groups; and the growth in resources associated with the start of the political transition, which encouraged the transformation of symbolic conflict into political competition for control of the movement. Moreover, the results show how certain organizational procedures and features of the movement accelerated the internal conflict. They show in particular how the calling of congresses in the new context of visibility served to catalyze political competition; and how the symbolic capital of the movement became reduced to two antagonistic and mutually destructive strategic positions. At the theoretical level this case study examines the scope of two different models. On the one hand, it extends the viability of the alternating phases of latency and visibility model by applying it outside the context of new social movements. On the other, it questions two biases of the protest cycle model by dissociating innovation and internal competition in social movements from the initial and final phases of the cycle, respectively.

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Unintended Consequences of Repression: Alliance Formation in South Korea's Democracy Movement (1970-1979)

Cited by 53 publications

References 79 publications

Political Repression: Iron Fists, Velvet Gloves, and Diffuse Control

Political Repression: Iron Fists, Velvet Gloves, and Diffuse Control

Micro-Dynamics of Protests: The Political and Cultural Conditions for Anti-U.S. Beef Protests in South Korea

Factionalism in Transition: A Comparison of Ruptures in the Spanish Anarchist Movement

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