Uninterrupted dynamic stiffening microenvironment enhances the paracrine function of mesenchymal stem cells for vascularization through chromatin remodeling

Dynamic-stiffening collagen-coated substrate enhances osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells through integrin α2β1

“…The dynamic stiffening of the substrate could promote the polymerization of stress fibers. 53 Stress fiber polymerization can also be regulated by extracellular mechanical stimulation, which was controlled by integrin-mediated focal adhesion. [54][55][56][57] The dynamic stiffening of the substrate could regulate the cellular morphology and cell area, which might influence cytoskeleton remodeling activity (Fig.…”

“…[58][59][60] In addition, the dynamic change in the stiffness of the hydrogel could influence cell function, such as cell differentiation 61 and paracrine. 53 However, the dynamic biopolymer networks of supramolecular hydrogels can also determine cell-hydrogel interactions and cell behaviors, which are influenced by dynamic adhesion and actomyosin contractility. 62,63 Compared to materials with static stiffness and physical crosslinks, the dynamic change in the stiffness and physical crosslinks of hydrogels may have a unique regulation effect on stem cell function.…”

Dual siRNA‐Loaded Cell Membrane Functionalized Matrix Facilitates Bone Regeneration with Angiogenesis and Neurogenesis

“…[45,52] It has been shown that the provision of vascular-related cytokines by paracrine of MSCs could be used in bone defects. [53,54] In Figure 3, GFMs can promote vascular-related and nerve-related cytokines. This study further evaluated the ability of GFMs to promote the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs.…”