Unique and Cumulative Effects of Intimate Partner Cybervictimization Types on Alcohol Use in Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Emerging Adults

Psychosocial Intervention

2023

Self Cite

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ+) individuals face unique stressors related to their sexual and gender identities that have a detrimental impact on their mental health. Nonetheless, studies have not yet investigated these minority stressors among LGBTQ+ individuals from Spain. The limited availability of standardized tools/ instruments to measure minority stressors in Spanish makes it challenging to explore these experiences among Spanish speaking individuals. The present study aimed to examine the factor structure of the Daily Heterosexist Experiences Questionnaire (DHEQ) among LGBTQ+ adults from Spain, compare rates of minority stressors across diverse gender and sexual orientations, and examine the impact of daily heterosexist experiences (henceforth referred to as heterosexist experiences) on symptoms of depression and suicidal behavior. The sample was composed of 509 LGBTQ+ identifying adults in the age range of 18 to 60 years old. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated a good fit for the six dimensions of the DHEQ scale. Individuals identified as transgender or reporting a minority sexual orientation (i.e., asexual, pansexual) indicated higher levels of exposure to heterosexist experiences. Moreover, those with higher levels of heterosexist experiences had higher symptoms of depression and suicide behavior. The present study provides a tool for examining minority stressors in Spanish speaking LGBTQ+ adults. Assessing for minority stressors may aid in the identification of risk and protective factors when working with LGBTQ+ treatment seeking adults.

Section: Minority Stress and Healthmentioning

confidence: 98%

Daily Heterosexist Experiences in LGBTQ+ Adults from Spain: Measurement, Prevalence, and Clinical Implications

Ronzón-Tirado

Psychosocial Intervention

2023

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“…Thus, the present study aims to examine whether witnessing mother-to-father and father-to-mother parental violence during childhood increases the likelihood of perpetrating cyber IPV during adulthood, and if these associations are similar across Hispanic men and women. Since WPV and childhood maltreatment (abuse and neglect) often co-occur (e.g., Charak et al, 2018) as do face-to-face IPV and cyber IPV types (Trujillo et al, 2020; Watkins et al, 2018), their effects were controlled for in order to examine the unique associations between WPV and cyber IPV types.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Witnessing Parental Violence and Cyber IPV Perpetration in Hispanic Emerging Adults: The Mediating Role of Attitudes Toward IPV

Gilbar

et al. 2020

J Interpers Violence

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Recent studies indicate that the perpetration of intimate partner violence via cyberspaces (cyber IPV), namely, psychological aggression, sexual aggression, and cyberstalking is high among emerging adults. However, little is known of the risk factors that lead to cyber IPV and far lesser within Hispanic adults. Based on the intergenerational transmission of violence hypothesis, the present study examined the indirect effect of witnessing parental violence during childhood on the three types of cyber IPV through attitudes condoning IPV in Hispanic men and women, separately. Participants were 1,136 Hispanic emerging adults in the age range of 18–29 years ( M = 20.53 years, SD = 2.42; 72.5% women, 88% Mexican descent). Over half of the participants (54.2%) witnessed at least one instance of parental violence during childhood. In contrast to women, men were more likely to hold attitudes accepting of IPV and perpetrate cyber sexual IPV, whereas women were more likely to report cyberstalking perpetration. Men and women with exposure to mother-to-father violence held attitudes justifying IPV that was associated with perpetrating the three cyber IPV types in adulthood (women: Brange = .016–.036; men: Brange = .016–.024). No significant gender differences were found in the associations of mother-to-father WPV and father-to-mother WPV on the three types of cyber IPV perpetration. These findings are discussed in the context of Hispanic culture, which has specific implications for cyber IPV intervention strategies.

“…Prior studies have also found that LGBTQ+ spaces, social networking, and dating applications may represent an essential way to satisfy LGBTQ+ needs such as a sense of existing in a community, receive social approval, and the opportunity to explore different ways to practice their sexuality (Corriero & Tong, 2015; Zervoulis et al, 2020; Miller, 2015). Future studies focusing on IPV in LGBTQ+ emerging adults should include analyses of specific consequences and correlates of cyber IPV, since prior research suggests that cyber IPV could be potentially harmful, generating high levels of distress and consequences in victims, such as an increased consumption of alcohol and greater levels of depression (Cantu & Charak, 2022; Marganski & Melander, 2015; Trujillo et al, 2020). Moreover, stalking behaviors have been related to physical and sexual face-to-face IPV, severe injuries and even homicide; therefore, failure to recognize the potential dangers of cyber stalking and psychological aggressions may have detrimental consequences on LGBTQ+ victim’s mental health (Charak et al, 2019; Messinger et al, 2018; Sargent et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the advent of information and communication technologies (e.g., smartphones and social media), cyberspace has become a popular venue for dating relationships and as a result cyberspace is a platform where IPV can transpire especially in adolescents and emerging adults (Cano-Gonzalez et al, 2022; Cantu & Charak, 2022; Marganski & Melander, 2015; Trujillo et al, 2020; Watkins et al, 2018). Notably emerging adulthood encompasses individuals in the age range from 18 to 29 years old, a developmental stage wherein individuals focus on acquiring new relationships and searching for greater levels of intimacy while simultaneously creating their own identity (Arnett, 2000).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Latent Classes of Bidirectional Face-to-Face and Cyber Intimate Partner Violence Among Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Emerging Adults: The Role of Minority Stressors

Ronzón-Tirado

et al. 2021

J Interpers Violence

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The rates of intimate partner violence have been found to be higher among lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) individuals when compared with heterosexual populations. However, lesser is known about the impact of specific minority stressors experienced by LGB populations on their face-to-face intimate partner violence (IPV) and cyber IPV experiences. Using a three-step latent class approach, the present study investigated (i) the latent classes of self-reported types of face-to-face IPV and cyber IPV perpetration and victimization and (ii) their associations with LGB distal and proximal minority stressors (i.e., vicarious trauma, discrimination, family rejection, and LGB-identity disclosure). Participants were 288 LGB emerging adults in the age range of 18–29 years (bisexual: n = 168, gay: n = 72, and lesbian: n = 48). Findings showed the presence of four latent classes, namely, face-to-face IPV ( n = 32; 37.5% gay, 18.8% lesbian, and 43.8% bisexual individuals), cyber IPV ( n = 66; 33.3% gay, 12.1% lesbian, and 54.5% bisexual individuals), psychological and stalking cyber IPV ( n = 89; 15.7% gay, 15.7% lesbian, and 68.5% bisexual individuals), and low IPV ( n = 101; 23.8% gay, 19.8% lesbian, and 56.4% bisexual individuals). Furthermore, multinomial logistic regressions indicated that greater exposure to the minority stressors such as exposure to heterosexism, namely, discrimination and harassment, rejection from one’s family of origin, and exposure to vicarious trauma, as well as a lower degree of LGB-identity disclosure, largely predicted latent classes with greater probabilities of IPV exposure, namely, cyber IPV, face-to-face IPV classes, and psychological and stalking cyber IPV. Findings suggest the importance of addressing the role of minority stressors in IPV interventions and the creation of competent LGB-related services and training modules for clinicians.