Unique metabolic profiles of Blautia wexlerae achieve beneficial effects for the control of obesity and type 2 diabetes

Hosomi, Koji; Saito, Mayu; Park, Jonguk; Murakami, Haruka; Shibata, Naoko; Ando, Masahiro; Nagatake, Takahiro; Konishi, Kana; Ohno, Harumi; Tanisawa, Kumpei; Mohsen, Attayeb; Chen, Yi‐An; Kawashima, Hitoshi; Natsume-Kitatani, Yayoi; Oka, Yoshimasa; Shimizu, Hiroki; Furuta, Mari; Tojima, Yoko; Sawane, Kento; Saika, Azusa; Yonejima, Yasunori; Takeyama, Haruko; Matsutani, Akira; Mizuguchi, Kenji; Miyachi, Motohiko; Kunisawa, Jun

doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1259439/v1

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 89 publications

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“…Blautia are amongst the dominant genera of the human intestine and were first isolated from human stool (73). Most interestingly, increased abundance of Blautia has been negatively correlated with visceral diabetes, anti-lipidemia, and obesity-associated inflammation (74)(75)(76)(77)(78). Blautia wexlerae is also correlated with a favourable response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in multiple cancer patient cohorts (79).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of novel fructo-oligosaccharide bacterial consumers by pulse metatranscriptomics in a human stool sample

Prattico,

Gonzalez,

Dridi

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Dietary fibres influence the composition of the human gut microbiota and directly contribute to its downstream effects on host health. As more research supports the use of glycans as prebiotics for therapeutic applications, the need to identify the gut bacteria that metabolize glycans of interest increases. Fructooligosaccharide (FOS) is a common diet-derived glycan that is fermented by the gut microbiota and has been used as a prebiotic. Despite being well studied, we do not yet have a complete picture of all FOS-consuming gut bacterial taxa. To identify new bacterial consumers, we used a short exposure of microbial communities in a stool sample to FOS or galactomannan as the sole carbon source to induce glycan metabolism genes. We then performed metatranscriptomics, paired with whole metagenomic sequencing (WMS), and 16S amplicon sequencing. The short incubation induced genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism, like carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes), including glycoside hydrolase family 32 genes, which hydrolyze fructan polysaccharides like FOS and inulin. Interestingly, FOS metabolism transcripts were notably overexpressed inBlautiaspecies not previously reported to be fructan consumers. We therefore validated the ability of differentBlautiaspecies to ferment fructans by monitoring their growth and fermentation in defined media. This pulse metatranscriptomics approach is a useful method to find novel consumers of prebiotics and increase our understanding of prebiotic metabolism by CAZymes in the gut microbiota.SignificanceComplex carbohydrates are key contributors to the composition of the human gut microbiota and play an essential role in the microbiota’s effects on host health. Understanding which bacteria consume complex carbohydrates, or glycans, provides a mechanistic link between dietary prebiotics and their beneficial health effects, an essential step for their therapeutic application. Here, we used a pulse metatranscriptomics pipeline to identify bacterial consumers based on glycan metabolism induction in a human stool sample. We identified novel consumers of FOS amongBlautiaspecies, expanding our understanding of this well-known glycan. Our approach can be applied to identify consumers of understudied glycans and expand our prebiotic repertoire. It can also be used to study prebiotic glycans directly in stool samples in distinct patient populations to help delineate the prebiotic mechanism.

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