Unique responses of midbrain CART neurons in macaques to ovarian steroids

Lima, Fernanda Barbosa; Henderson, Jessica A.; Reddy, Arubala P.; Tokuyama, Yukari; Hubert, George W.; Kuhar, Michael J.; Bethea, Cynthia L.

doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2008.05.078

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The midbrain UCN1 cell bodies in macaques are located adjacent to the Edinger-Westphal nucleus, in an area referred to as the SOA [39]. These neurons also express cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript or CART [25,58]. There were more detectable UCN1-positive neurons in the SS groups than in the HSR groups, which is the inverse of the fiber density.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions of Corticotropin-Releasing Factor, Urocortin and Citalopram in a Primate Model of Stress-Induced Amenorrhea

Weissheimer

Herod²,

Cameron

et al. 2010

Neuroendocrinology

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Background/Aims: We established a cynomolgus macaque model of stress-induced amenorrhea in which the application of combined metabolic and psychosocial stress suppressed ovulation in stress-sensitive (SS) individuals, but not in highly stress-resilient (HSR) individuals. We previously reported that SS monkeys have deficits in global serotonin release and serotonin-related gene expression in the raphe nucleus, and that administration of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor S-citalopram increased estrogen and progesterone production in SS monkeys. In this study, we questioned whether there was a difference in corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) or urocortin (UCN) stress-related peptide systems in the midbrain raphe region when HSR and SS monkeys treated with placebo or S-citalopram are compared. Methods: Monkeys characterized as HSR or SS were administered placebo or S-citalopram for 15 weeks. CRF fibers in the dorsal raphe were detected with an antibody against human CRF. UCN1 fibers were immunostained in an area rostral to the dorsal raphe. The fibers were quantified by stereology and analyzed by two-way ANOVA. UCN1 cell bodies were counted in the supraoculomotor area near the Edinger-Westphal nucleus. Results: S-citalopram significantly decreased the CRF fiber density in SS animals, but not in HSR animals. SS monkeys had a significantly lower UCN1 fiber density compared to HSR monkeys, but S-citalopram treatment did not alter the UCN1 fiber density. SS animals treated with S-citalopram tended to have a higher number of UCN1-positive cell bodies than the other groups. Conclusion: S-citalopram decreased CRF fiber density and appears to increase the production of UCN1 in SS individuals, indicating the likelihood that serotonin is involved in regulating CRF and UCN1 in individuals who are sensitive to the effects of serotonin.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions of Corticotropin-Releasing Factor, Urocortin and Citalopram in a Primate Model of Stress-Induced Amenorrhea

Weissheimer

Herod²,

Cameron

et al. 2010

Neuroendocrinology

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“…Cocaine-and amphetamine regulated transcript (CART), discovered initially by Douglass et al via differential display RT-PCR analysis of brains of rats administered cocaine [10], is expressed mainly in central nervous system or neuronal origin cells [11], which is involved in a wide range of behaviors, such as regulation of food intake, energy homeostasis, and reproduction [12][13][14][15]. CART, as a potent anorectic peptide in hypothalamus, is regulated by leptin [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the relationship between expression patterns of cocaine-and amphetamine regulated transcript and hormones secretion in porcine ovarian follicles

Meng

Jing

et al. 2018

Biol Res

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Background: Cocaine-and amphetamine regulated transcript (CART) is an endogenous neuropeptide, which is widespread in animals, plays a key role in regulation of follicular atresia in cattle and sheep. Among animal ovaries, CART mRNA was firstly found in the cattle ovaries. CART was localized in the antral follicles oocytes, granulosa and cumulus cells by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. Further research found that secretion of E 2 was inhibited in granulosa cells with a certain dose of CART, the effect depends on the stage of cell differentiation, suggesting that CART could play a crucial role in regulating follicle atresia. The objective of this study was to characterize the CART expression model and hormones secretion in vivo and vitro in pig follicle granulosa cells, preliminarily studied whether CART have an effect on granulosa cells proliferation and hormones secretion in multiparous animals such as pigs. Methods:The expression levels of CART mRNA in granulosa cells of different follicles were analyzed using qRT-PCR technology. Immunohistochemistry technology was used to localize CART peptide. Granulosa cells were cultured in medium supplemented with different concentrations of CART and FSH for 168 h using Long-term culture system, and observed using a microscope. The concentration of Estradiol (E 2 ) and progesterone (P) in follicular fluids of different test groups were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results:Results showed that expression level of CART mRNA was highest in medium follicles, and significantly higher than that in large and small follicles (P < 0.05). Immunohistochemical results showed that CART were expressed both in granulosa cells and theca cells of large follicles, while CART were detected only in theca cells of medium and small follicles. After the granulosa cells were cultured for 168 h, and found that concentrations of E 2 increase with concentrations of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) increase when the CART concentration was 0 μM. And the concentration of FSH reached 25 ng/mL, the concentration of E 2 is greatest. It shows that the production of E 2 needs induction of FSH in granulosa cells of pig ovarian follicles. With the increasing of CART concentrations (0.01, 0.1, 1 μM), E 2 concentration has a declining trend, when the FSH concentrations were 25 and 50 ng/mL in the medium, respectively. Conclusions:These results suggested that CART plays a role to inhibit granulosa cells proliferation and E 2 production, which induced by FSH in porcine ovarian follicular granulosa cells in vitro, but the inhibition effect is not significant. So

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“…The developmental expression profile of cocaine- and amphetamine- regulated transcript (CART), a peptide that strongly but not completely co-localizes with Ucn 1 in the perioculomotor area (pIII) (Kozicz, 2003; Lazar et al, 2004; Lima et al, 2008; Xu et al, 2009), has been examined prenatally (Brischoux et al, 2002). It was reported that CART is expressed during early embryonic development, and the finding that these cells migrate through the ventral tegmentum area and settle in the pIII, has led to the argument that CART may be one of the earliest neuropeptides with a neuromodulatory role that is expressed in the brain (Brischoux et al, 2002; Risold et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postnatal developmental profile of urocortin 1 and cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript in the perioculomotor region of C57BL/6J mice

et al. 2010

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Urocortin 1 (Ucn 1) is an endogenous corticotropin releasing factor (CRF)-related peptide. Ucn 1 is most highly expressed in the perioculomotor urocortin containing neurons (pIIIu), previously known as the non-preganglionic Edinger-Westphal nucleus (npEW). Various studies indicate that these cells are involved in stress adaptation and the regulation of ethanol (EtOH) intake. However, the developmental trajectory of these neurons remained unexamined. Expression of the cocaine-and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART), which co-localizes with Ucn 1 in the perioculomotor area (pIII) has been examined prenatally, but not postnatally. The goal of the current study was to characterize the ontogenetic profile of Ucn 1 and CART during postnatal development in C57BL/6J (B6) mice. B6 mice were bred, and brains were collected at postnatal days (PND) 1, 4, 8, 12, 16, 24 and 45. Brightfield immunohistochemical staining for Ucn 1 and CART showed that Ucn 1 -immunoreactivity (ir) was absent at PND 1, while CART -ir was already apparent in pIIIu at birth, a finding indicating that although the pIIIu neurons have already migrated to their adult position, Ucn 1 expression is triggered in them at later postnatal stages. Ucn1 -ir gradually increased with age, approaching adult levels at PND 16. This developmental profile was confirmed by doubleimmunofluorescence, which showed that Ucn 1 was absent in CART -positive cells of pIII at PND 4 and that Ucn 1 and CART are strongly but not completely co-localized in pIII at PND 24. Quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis confirmed that Ucn 1 mRNA levels are significantly lower at PND 4 and PND 12 than in adult animals. The lack of brain Ucn 1 immunoreactivity at birth and the gradual postnatal increase in Ucn 1 in pIIIu suggests that this peptide plays a greater behavioral role in adulthood than during the early postnatal development of an organism.

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Unique responses of midbrain CART neurons in macaques to ovarian steroids

Cited by 15 publications

References 48 publications

Interactions of Corticotropin-Releasing Factor, Urocortin and Citalopram in a Primate Model of Stress-Induced Amenorrhea

Interactions of Corticotropin-Releasing Factor, Urocortin and Citalopram in a Primate Model of Stress-Induced Amenorrhea

Study on the relationship between expression patterns of cocaine-and amphetamine regulated transcript and hormones secretion in porcine ovarian follicles

Postnatal developmental profile of urocortin 1 and cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript in the perioculomotor region of C57BL/6J mice

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