Unit‐based intervention for Gulf war soldiers surviving a SCUD missile attack: Program description and preliminary findings

Perconte, Stephen T.; Wilson, Anne; Pontius, Edward; Dietrick, Ann; Kirsch, Cynthia; Sparacino, Christopher

doi:10.1002/jts.2490060206

Cited by 8 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 7 publications

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“…Over the last 10 years, our research group has examined the Rorschach characteristics of matched groups of deployed and nondeployed GW veterans, as well as investigated the relationship among selected Rorschach variables and commonly used self-report instruments that have shown utility in the evaluation of war-related PTS and PTSD (Sloan, Arsenault, Hilsenroth, Harvill & Handler, 1995; Sloan, Arsenault, Hilsenroth, Handler & Harvill, 1996). The findings supported existing research utilizing objective measures that indicate war experiences other than direct fighting may have distinct psychological effects on soldiers (Berk et al, 1989; Fontana et al, 1992; Klingman, 1992; Perconte et al, 1993; Sloan, Arsenault, Hilsenroth, & Harvill, 1995; Sloan, Arsenault, Hilsenroth, & Harvill, 1996; Sloan, Arsenault, & Hilsenroth, 1998; Solomon et al, 1993; Weisenberg et al, 1993; Zeidner, Klingman & Itskowitz, 1993).…”

Section: Post-traumatic Symptoms and Rorschach Indicators Of Traumati...supporting

confidence: 82%

Use of the Rorschach in the Assessment of War-Related Stress in Military Personnel

2002

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War-related stress reactions are manifested by psychological symptoms of traumatic experiences that occurred during the person's exposure to war (Kardiner, 1941;Figley, 1978;Horowitz, 1976; van der Kolk, Weisath, & van der Hart, 1996). The symptoms, which can vary from simple to complex, may appear acutely or after long delays from the stressful exposure, and often wax and wane in their expression or in the individual's awareness. Typically, these symptoms include intrusive thoughts or memories, emotional constriction or numbing, hyperarousal and hypervigilance, problems with mood or affective modulation, interpersonal distance or conf lict, and somatic concerns (Horowitz, 1976;van der Kolk & McFarlane, 1996). While current nosological standards (DSM-IV; American Psychiatric Association, 1994) describe posttraumatic stress (PTS) syndrome and the related post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) as primarily anxiety disorders, many authors have emphasized the dissociative, dysphoric, cognitive, and physical symptomatology that emerge in acute and chronic reactions to war-related stress (van der Kolk & Ducey, 1989;Levin & Reis, 1997;van der Kolk, Weisaeth, & van der Hart, 1996). Twenty years after the war, over 15% of American veterans of the Vietnam War reported suffering from PTSD (Kulka et al., 1991), and approximately 9% of U. S. veterans of the Gulf War reported symptoms of PTS (Rosenheck et al., 1992). Given the high incidence of PTS and PTSD in war participants, it is important that clinicians better understand these disorders and their manifestations in order to offer better assessment and treatment strategies.Research of post-traumatic stress and its sequelae has increased in the past 20 years, but relatively few studies have included projective measures of PTS phenomena. In recent reviews, Levin (1993) and Levin and

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Section: Post-traumatic Symptoms and Rorschach Indicators Of Traumati...supporting

confidence: 82%

Use of the Rorschach in the Assessment of War-Related Stress in Military Personnel

2002

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MMPI‐2 profiles of Gulf and Vietnam combat veterans with chronic posttraumatic stress disorder

et al. 2002

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The current study examined service era differences in a sample of 172 Gulf and Vietnam outpatient veterans with combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Participants completed the MMPI-2 and several additional self-report measures of symptom severity (PTSD, depression, anxiety, hostility, and health complaints). Results indicated that MMPI-2 profiles differed significantly according to service era with Vietnam veterans scoring higher on scales 2, 8, and 0 and lower on scale 9 than did Gulf veterans. Examination of group means derived from parametric analysis of MMPI-2 data suggested a mean two-point code type of 2-8/8-2 for Vietnam veterans and 1-8/8-1 for Gulf veterans. In contrast, when the data were examined using descriptive techniques based on frequency counts of individual MMPI-2 profiles, the most frequently occurring two-point codetype was 7-8/8-7 for Vietnam veterans, and 6-8/8-6 for Gulf veterans. In addition, Gulf veterans reported a greater number of total health complaints than Vietnam veterans, whereas Vietnam veterans reported a greater number of physician-diagnosed physical conditions. Potential advantages of incorporating descriptive approaches versus parametric methods when examining profile data are also presented.

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Self‐report versus observer ratings of distress and pathology in Vietnam veterans with PTSD

Perconte

Wilson

1994

Journal of Traumatic Stress

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Few efforts have been made to examine the relationship between standard self-report measures and observer ratings of distress in veterans suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In the present study correlations between self-report (verbal ratings and scores on the Brief Symptom Inventory) and observer ratings (scores on the Brief Hopkins Psychiatric Rating Scale) of pathology and distress were analyzed for 40 Vietnam combat veterans participating in a weekly outpatient PTSD therapy program. The relationship of these measures to the Mississippi PTSD scale and measures of combat exposure and duration was also examined. Results suggested that the self report and observer measures of distress were significantly correlated for this group. While written self report and observer ratings were correlated with scores on the Mississippi Scale, verbal self reports of distress were not. However, the verbal self reports of distress were most strongly related to reported combat exposure.

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Unit‐based intervention for Gulf war soldiers surviving a SCUD missile attack: Program description and preliminary findings

Cited by 8 publications

References 7 publications

Use of the Rorschach in the Assessment of War-Related Stress in Military Personnel

Use of the Rorschach in the Assessment of War-Related Stress in Military Personnel

MMPI‐2 profiles of Gulf and Vietnam combat veterans with chronic posttraumatic stress disorder

Self‐report versus observer ratings of distress and pathology in Vietnam veterans with PTSD

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