United States Policy toward the Armenian Question and the Armenian Genocide

Payaslian, Simon

doi:10.1057/9781403978400

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The United States, which since the early nineteenth century had maintained good relations with the Ottoman government, adhered to the policy of neutrality and relied on ambassadorial presentations at the Sublime Porte. 29 In 1914, Cardashian had warned several top officials in the Wilson administration of the escalating crisis in the Ottoman Armenian communities. 30 His efforts to bring the matter to the attention of the Wilson administration proved futile, however.…”

Section: Lobbying and Expectationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bryan's successor, Secretary of State Robert Lansing, sought to maintain good relations with Turkey regardless of the genocide -a situation that did not augur well for Cardashian's campaign. 32 At the PPIE, Cardashian also met with Senators Albert B. Cummins (R-IA), James D. Phelan (D-CA), Oscar W. Underwood (D-AL), James W. Wadsworth, Jr. (R-NY), and William J. Stone (D-MO).…”

Section: Lobbying and Expectationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Origins of Armenian Lobbying in the United States: A Geopolitical Conceptualization of Restorative Justice

Payaslian

2024

Studies on National Movements

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This paper focuses on the origins of Armenian lobbying the U.S. government for favourable policies toward the Armenian cause in the homeland — that is, Ottoman Armenia and the Republic of Armenia (1918-1921). Vahan Cardashian, a New York lawyer, organized a lobbying campaign during and after the Young Turk genocide against the Armenian people in the Ottoman Empire (1915–1923). He and his associates formulated a geopolitical conceptualization of restorative justice. While Cardashian’s lobbying campaign eventually failed to exert the desired influence on U.S. policy during the Wilson administration, his strategy nevertheless established the foundations for Armenian lobbying in the United States for successive generations. This article seeks to contribute to the literature on ethnicity and ethnic lobbying a host state — in this case the United States — diasporan community and politics, and restorative justice.

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Section: Lobbying and Expectationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Lobbying and Expectationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Origins of Armenian Lobbying in the United States: A Geopolitical Conceptualization of Restorative Justice

Payaslian

2024

Studies on National Movements

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“…121 On the other hand, the Bolsheviks, as Payaslian puts clearly, were not willing to discuss the return of Erzurum, Van, and Muş on behalf of the Armenian nation. 122 Thus, both sides adhered to the previously agreed upon principles before attacking the minute Armenian state.…”

Section: The Fall Of Gyumri and Sovietization Of The Armenian Republicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rethinking the Turkish-Armenian War in the Caucasus: The Position of Ottoman Armenians

Şekeryan

2018

War in History

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This article analyses the Turkish–Armenian War in the Caucasus and its implications for the Ottoman Armenian community. After the signing of the Armistice of Mudros, the Ottoman Armenians established alliances with their Armenian compatriots in the Caucasus as well as the Greeks. When the Turkish–Armenian War erupted in 1920, the Ottoman Armenian community organized fundraising campaigns for the Armenian state. Benefiting from primary sources, including Armenian and Ottoman-Turkish newspapers of the period, this article focuses on the position of Ottoman Armenians during the Turkish–Armenian War, and in doing so contributes to the historiography on the Turkish–Armenian War.

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“…Brown bears (Ursus arctos) are being suggested to act as an 'umbrella' species in this region, due to their omnivorous diet and large distribution and their attractiveness (Krechmar, 1995). Additionally, they are protected by law in Armenia (with large nes for killing one; Armenian Parliament, 2005) and are listed as "Vulnerable" according to The National Red Book of Animals for the Republic of Armenia (Aghasyan and Kalashyan, 2010). However, it is still unclear whether the brown bears in the Caucasus region should be considered subspecies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Where the wild bears roam: Examining the habitat preferences and distribution of brown bears (Ursus arctos) in Armenia

Bartzokas

Ralev

Sluydts

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Understanding the habitat preferences and temporal activity of Armenian brown bears (Ursus arctos) in relation to human presence and the presence of other mammalian species in a biodiversity hotspot region is essential for their conservation. In this study we investigated how human disturbance affects the brown bear's temporal and spatial activity in the privately protected Caucasus Wildlife Refuge (CWR) of Armenia. In addition, we investigated spatio-temporal distribution of brown bear in relation to other wildlife present in the study area and looked at its habitat preferences. We placed 28 camera traps were placed in areas inside or adjacent to CWR for a period of 3 months in 2018. Presence/absence data were used to calculate the species richness and activity patterns and inserted in different occupancy models for the bears and the other mammals found in the area. Of the 14 medium and large-sized mammal species that could theoretically live in the area, we recorded 13, four of which are listed in the Red Book of Animals of Armenia (including the very rare Caucasian leopard). The results showed that brown bears are, to a certain extent habituated to human presence, since they were found near human settlements. Areas closer to water bodies were also found to be more likely occupied by brown bears. In addition, brown bear presence had a positive effect on the occupancy of potential prey species. The activity pattern analysis revealed that there is some diel temporal partitioning present between brown bear's and other mammalian species' activity.

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United States Policy toward the Armenian Question and the Armenian Genocide

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

The Origins of Armenian Lobbying in the United States: A Geopolitical Conceptualization of Restorative Justice

The Origins of Armenian Lobbying in the United States: A Geopolitical Conceptualization of Restorative Justice

Rethinking the Turkish-Armenian War in the Caucasus: The Position of Ottoman Armenians

Where the wild bears roam: Examining the habitat preferences and distribution of brown bears (Ursus arctos) in Armenia

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