“…There has been a vast amount of research aiming to translate aspects of traditional democratic processes into digital form, for example by digitising voting and petition systems [37,63,64] or providing platforms to give feedback and opinion online [16,33,48]. HCI research in this area has been successful in opening up traditional consultation practices to wider audiences-making engagement richer [27], more playful [26] or accessible [38]. While work in this area has inherent value, it comes with certain political limitations in the context of local decision-making; it proposes systems that reinforce representative partisan politics, while failing to identify whether, and if so how, engagement (e.g., leaving a vote, commenting an opinion) really influences decisionmaking and outcomes.…”