Universal Features of Personality Traits From the Observer's Perspective: Data From 50 Cultures.

McCrae, Robert R.; Terracciano, Antonio

doi:10.1037/0022-3514.88.3.547

Cited by 1,097 publications

(931 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…First, the present results are based primarily on self-report. McCrae et al (2005) replicated patterns of trait differences in observer reports of young adults. A similar replication in older adults is required to rule out reporting bias.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Gender differences in Five Factor Model personality traits in an elderly cohort

Chapman¹,

Duberstein

Sörensen

et al. 2007

Personality and Individual Differences

177

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In college and adult samples, women score higher then men on the Five Factor Model (FFM) personality traits of Neuroticism and Agreeableness. The present study assessed the extent to which these gender differences held in a sample of 486 older adults, ranging in age from 65-98 (M = 75, SD = 6.5), using the NEO-Five Factor Inventory. Mean and Covariance Structure models testing gender differences at the level of latent traits revealed higher levels of Neuroticism (d = .52) and Agreeableness (d = .35) in older women than older men. The consistency of these findings with prior work in younger samples attests to the stability of gender differentiation on Neuroticism and Agreeableness across the lifespan. Gender differences on these traits should be considered in personality research among older, as well as middle age and younger adults. KeywordsGender Differences; Personality Traits; Older Adults; Five Factor Model Women score higher on the Five Factor Model (FFM) traits of Neuroticism and Agreeableness (Costa, Terracciano & McCrae 2001). The former reflects distress proneness and propensities toward the experience of a variety of negative affects, while the latter reflects amicability, altruism, trust, tendermindedness, and compliance. Gender differences on these traits are of medium magnitude: Costa and colleague's comprehensive study showed US adult women scored .51 SD higher on Neuroticism and .59 SD higher on Agreeableness. Costa et al. replicated this pattern of gender differences across 26 different nations in data comprising over 23,000 individuals. These findings cannot easily be attributed to self-report artifacts, as McCrae and colleagues (2005) have replicated them in observer reports of FFM traits across 50 cultures. Goodwin and Gotlib (2004) replicated the Neuroticism and Agreeableness findings in a nationally representative sample using a brief trait-adjective measure of the lexical Big Five (cf. also Goldberg et al., 1998), suggesting these gender differences are not a sole function of

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Gender differences in Five Factor Model personality traits in an elderly cohort

Chapman¹,

Duberstein

Sörensen

et al. 2007

Personality and Individual Differences

177

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This might be attributed to the heterogeneity of PDs' symptoms. 1,2 Interestingly, the cross-cultural differences for internal reliabilities were rather small for the IPDE and larger for the NEO-PI-R. For the NEO-PI-R, lower internal reliabilities were already reported for several non-Western cultures, 19,21 and could be attributed to differences in response styles. However, Rossier and colleagues suggested that "in collectivistic cultures, behavior is determined more by social context than by traits and thus behaviors-and response to questionnaire items-do not reflect the consistent operation of traits."…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Recently, Rossier and colleagues 18 extended these results from Asian and Western cultures to Africa by analyzing the NEO-PI-R factor structure in Burkina Faso, which was very similar to the American normative structure, with a total congruence coefficient of 0.94. Recently, McCrae and colleagues 19 analyzed the replicability of the FFM personality structure using observer-rating personality data from 50 cultures representing 6 of the 7 continents. Factor analyses within cultures showed that the FFM personality structure replicated in most cultures and was recognizable in all.…”

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confidence: 99%

Personality Disorders and the Five-Factor Model among French Speakers in Africa and Europe

Rossier

Rigozzi

2008

Can J Psychiatry

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W La Revue canadienne de psychiatrie, vol 53, no 8, août 2008 534 Objective: To describe the relation between personality disorders (PDs) and the Five-Factor Model (FFM)-a dimensional model describing normal personality traits known for its invariance across cultures-in 2 different cultural settings. Several authors have suggested that PDs may be more accurately described using a dimensional model instead of a categorical one. Method:Subjects from 9 French-speaking African countries (n = 2014) and from Switzerland (n = 697) completed both the French version of the International Personality Disorder Examination screening questionnaire, assessing the 10 DSM-IV PDs, and the French version of the Revised NEO Personality Inventory, assessing the 5 domains and 30 facets of the FFM. Results:Correlations between PDs and the 5 domains of the FFM were similar in both samples. For example, neuroticism was highly correlated with borderline, avoidant, and dependent PDs in both Africa and Switzerland. The total rank-order correlation (rho) between the 2 correlation matrices was very high (rho = 0.93) and significant (P < 0.001), as were the rhos for all domains of the FFM and all PDs, except paranoid and dependent PDs. However, the rhos for PDs across facet scales were all highly significant (P < 0.001). Moreover, 80% of Widiger and colleagues' predictions and 70% of Lynam and Widiger's prototypes, concerning the relation between PDs and the FFM, were confirmed in both samples. Conclusions:The relation between PDs and the FFM was stable in 2 samples separated by a great cultural distance. These results suggest that a dimensional approach and in particular the FFM may be useful for describing PDs in various cultural settings.Clinical Implications · PDs may be described using a dimensional personality model such as the FFM. · The relation between PDs and personality is stable across cultures. · The underlying structures of both PDs and personality seem stable across cultures. Limitations· PDs were assessed using a self-report screening questionnaire. · The subjects were a large nonclinical convenience sample. · The sample included subsamples from 2 continents, Africa and Europe.

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“…Por outro lado, quando se parte de traduções de instrumentos do inglês e adapta-se para outras culturas (etic studies), os resultados são mais promissores em apontar para a estrutura penta-fatorial (McCrae et al, 2005). Hutz et al (1998), por exemplo, inspiraram-se nos marcadores de Goldberg (1992) e Norman (1963), em inglês, e em seus próprios levantamentos com universitários para desenvolver uma lista de adjetivos descritores de personalidade em português do Brasil.…”

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Escala Reduzida de Descritores dos Cinco Grandes Fatores de Personalidade: Prós e Contras

Natividade

Hutz

2015

Psico

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A matéria publicada neste periódico é licenciada sob forma de uma Licença Creative Commons -Atribuição 4. ABSTRACT Short Form Scale of Descriptors of the Five Personality Factors: Pros and ConsThe aims of this research were to seek evidence of validity and precision of a short scale to assess personality characteristics from the perspective of the Big Five factors. Two sequential studies were conducted. In the first, a 20-item scale was created, and structural adequacy was found. In Study 2, the relations between the short scale and a standardized test to assess personality in the big-five model were tested. Moderate correlations among the short scale factors and their counterparts in the standardized test were noted. Finally, two predictive models for life satisfaction were tested, one with personality factors from the short scale and another with factors from the standardized test. Both models showed the same factors as explanatory. Nevertheless, the short instrument explained only half of the variance explained by the standardized test. We discussed that, even if short scales have suitable psychometric properties, they may increase the odds of inferential errors.Keywords: Personality measures; Personality traits; Test construction; Test validity. RESUMEN Escala Reducida de Descriptores de los Cinco Grandes Factores de Personalidad: Pros y ContrasLos objetivos de esta investigación fueron buscar evidencias de validad y precisión de una escala reducida para evaluar características de personalidad desde la perspectiva de los cinco grandes factores. Se realizaron dos estudios secuencialmente. En primero, se elaboró una escala de 20 ítems y se comprobó su adecuación estructural. En el Estudio 2, se verificaron las relaciones entre el instrumento elaborado y un test estandarizado de la personalidad en el modelo de los cinco grandes factores. Se observaron correlaciones moderadas entre los factores de la medida reducida y sus correspondientes en el test estandarizado. Finalmente, se analizaron dos modelos predictivos para la satisfacción de la vida; uno con los factores de la escala reducida y otro con el test estandarizado. Los dos modelos mostraron los mismos factores como explicativos, sin embargo, la medida reducida explicó sólo la mitad de la varianza explicada por el test estandarizado. Se discute que aunque medidas reducidas muestren propiedades psicométricas adecuadas, pueden aumentar las probabilidades de errores inferenciales.Palabras clave: Medidas de la personalidad; Rasgos de personalidad; Construcción de test; Validación de test.: http://dx

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Universal Features of Personality Traits From the Observer's Perspective: Data From 50 Cultures.

Cited by 1,097 publications

References 37 publications

Gender differences in Five Factor Model personality traits in an elderly cohort

Gender differences in Five Factor Model personality traits in an elderly cohort

Personality Disorders and the Five-Factor Model among French Speakers in Africa and Europe

Escala Reduzida de Descritores dos Cinco Grandes Fatores de Personalidade: Prós e Contras

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