Universal foliage‐stem scaling across environments and species in dicot trees: plasticity, biomechanics and Corner’s Rules

Olson, Mark E.; Aguirre‐Hernández, Rebeca; Rosell, Julieta A.

doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2008.01275.x

Cited by 79 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…In other words, some combinations are possible but usually not favored by selection. For example, plants with dense wood usually bear small leaves but plants with low-density wood bear large ones (Olson et al, 2009). Presumably the combination of high density wood and very large leaves is one not generally favored.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allometric Trajectories and “Stress”: A Quantitative Approach

et al. 2016

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The term “stress” is an important but vague term in plant biology. We show situations in which thinking in terms of “stress” is profitably replaced by quantifying distance from functionally optimal scaling relationships between plant parts. These relationships include, for example, the often-cited one between leaf area and sapwood area, which presumably reflects mutual dependence between sources and sink tissues and which scales positively within individuals and across species. These relationships seem to be so basic to plant functioning that they are favored by selection across nearly all plant lineages. Within a species or population, individuals that are far from the common scaling patterns are thus expected to perform negatively. For instance, “too little” leaf area (e.g., due to herbivory or disease) per unit of active stem mass would be expected to incur to low carbon income per respiratory cost and thus lead to lower growth. We present a framework that allows quantitative study of phenomena traditionally assigned to “stress,” without need for recourse to this term. Our approach contrasts with traditional approaches for studying “stress,” e.g., revealing that small “stressed” plants likely are in fact well suited to local conditions. We thus offer a quantitative perspective to the study of phenomena often referred to under such terms as “stress,” plasticity, adaptation, and acclimation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allometric Trajectories and “Stress”: A Quantitative Approach

et al. 2016

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“…Independent of the multiple forms expressed by plants, several leading dimensions of trait covariation have been documented (Ackerly and Donoghue 1998; Enquist 2002; Niklas and Enquist 2002; Westoby et al 2002; Wright et al 2004; Olson et al 2009; Diaz et al 2016). These apparently highly homoplasious patterns of trait variation appear to span most flowering plant lineages given that they are observed across species and across habitats.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These apparently highly homoplasious patterns of trait variation appear to span most flowering plant lineages given that they are observed across species and across habitats. One of the best documented of these relationships is the ‘leaf size-twig size’ spectrum (Ackerly and Donoghue 1998; Cornelissen 1999; Westoby et al 2002; Westoby and Wright 2003; Sun et al 2006; Wright et al 2007; Olson et al 2009), which includes ‘Corner's Rules’ (Corner 1949). The leaf size-twig size spectrum includes the tendency for plants with large leaves to have predictably thick twigs made up of tissues with low specific density (Wright et al 2006; Swenson and Enquist 2008; Olson et al 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trait coordination, mechanical behaviour and growth form plasticity of Amborella trichopoda under variation in canopy openness

Trueba¹,

Isnard²,

Barthélémy³

et al. 2015

AoB PLANTS

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Finding that Amborella trichopoda is sister to the rest of the angiosperms has raised the question of whether it shares certain key functional trait characteristics and plastic responses apparently widespread within the angiosperms at large. With this in mind, Trueba et al. tested the hypothesis that local canopy openness induces plastic responses in Amborella. The authors provide evidence of intraspecific coordination between leaf and stem economic spectra in this key species. Moreover, by presenting the first architectural and biomechanical characterization of Amborella, their study offers new insights for the understanding of the early sequences of angiosperm form evolution.

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“…These plastic responses represent alternative root-climbing strategies that are potentially optimized for different climbing substrates and environmental conditions. One aspect of phenotypic plasticity is phenotypic accommodation which produces a buffering effect maintaining critical relationships among varying components and lessening the negative effects of change [43,44]. Evidence for phenotypic accommodation in morphological, hydraulic and mechanical stem traits has been provided in previous studies on woody plants [43,45,46].…”

Section: Can We Assume Growth Form Plasticity Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bouldering: an alternative strategy to long-vertical climbing in root-climbing hortensias

Mendoza

Isnard²,

Charles‐Dominique

et al. 2014

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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In the Neotropics, the genus Hydrangea of the popular ornamental hortensia family is represented by climbing species that strongly cling to their support surface by means of adhesive roots closely positioned along specialized anchoring stems. These root-climbing hortensia species belong to the nearly exclusive American Hydrangea section Cornidia and generally are long lianescent climbers that mostly flower and fructify high in the host tree canopy. The Mexican species Hydrangea seemannii, however, encompasses not only long lianescent climbers of large vertical rock walls and coniferous trees, but also short 'shrub-like' climbers on small rounded boulders. To investigate growth form plasticity in root-climbing hortensia species, we tested the hypothesis that support variability (e.g. differences in size and shape) promotes plastic responses observable at the mechanical, structural and anatomical level. Stem bending properties, architectural axis categorization, tissue organization and wood density were compared between boulder and long-vertical tree-climbers of H. seemannii. For comparison, the mechanical patterns of a closely related, strictly long-vertical tree-climbing species were investigated. Hydrangea seemannii has fine-tuned morphological, mechanical and anatomical responses to support variability suggesting the presence of two alternative root-climbing strategies that are optimized for their particular environmental conditions. Our results suggest that variation of some stem anatomical traits provides a buffering effect that regulates the mechanical and hydraulic demands of two distinct plant architectures. The adaptive value of observed plastic responses and the importance of considering growth form plasticity in evolutionary and conservation studies are discussed.

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Universal foliage‐stem scaling across environments and species in dicot trees: plasticity, biomechanics and Corner’s Rules

Cited by 79 publications

References 59 publications

Allometric Trajectories and “Stress”: A Quantitative Approach

Allometric Trajectories and “Stress”: A Quantitative Approach

Trait coordination, mechanical behaviour and growth form plasticity of Amborella trichopoda under variation in canopy openness

Bouldering: an alternative strategy to long-vertical climbing in root-climbing hortensias

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