Universal Precautions in the Era of HIV/AIDS: Perception of Health Service Providers in Yunnan, China

Wu, Shenghao; Li, Li; Wu, Zunyou; Cao, Hao; Lin, Chunqing; Yan, Zhi; Jia, Manhong; Cui, Hongping

doi:10.1007/s10461-007-9278-8

Cited by 32 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Cirelli, in his research, in the knowledge evaluation stage reported that only 9 of 29 professionals identified the professional's concept correctly (22). Previous studies have shown that misconceptions persist regarding universal precautions (16,23,24). Previous studies have shown inadequate adherence to preventive measures, such as recapping needles, routine use of gloves, and hand washing after glove removal (7,8,25).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The knowledge, attitude, and practice of physicians and medical students of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Iran, regarding standard precautions

Asadpour

Vazirinejad

Esmaeili

et al. 2013

JOHE

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Received: June 2014, Accepted: February 2015 Background: Physicians and medical students are at risk of exposure to a broad range of viral pathogens through percutaneous injury, contact of mucous membrane with blood, and other potentially infectious body fluids. The objective of this study was to determine the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of physicians and medical students of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Iran, regarding standard precautions. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional research based on a survey performed in 3 teaching hospitals affiliated with Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences. Data were collected using a self-administered structured questionnaire. Subsequently, researchers distributed the questionnaires among the individuals who agreed to participate in the study. The participants were given instructions on completing the questionnaires. After completion of the questionnaires, they were collected and statistically processed with SPSS software using frequencies, percentages, the averages and standard deviations, and the independent ttest. All P values equal to or less than 0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Results: The response rate in this study was 95%. The mean age of subjects was 27.6 ± 5.3 years. The majority of subjects were female (62.1%), single (66.3%), and medical interns (78.9%). Most subjects were untrained on standard precautions (64.5%). The mean and standard deviations of KAP scores were 37.6 ± 7.4 (out of 46), 32.6 ± 4.5 (out of 45), and 33.06 ± 6.5 (out of 44), respectively. The independent t-test showed significant differences between knowledge and practice scores and marital status. It also showed significant differences between the practice score and training on standard precautions (P < 0.05). Conclusions:The results showed that the knowledge score was desirable, but the attitude and practice scores were not desirable. Thus, educational programs with the foundation of bloodborne infections, infection control, safety recommendations, and different aspects of standard precautions are recommended.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The knowledge, attitude, and practice of physicians and medical students of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Iran, regarding standard precautions

Asadpour

Vazirinejad

Esmaeili

et al. 2013

JOHE

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“…These findings are similar to those found by studies in India 5,8,11,12 and in other countries which showed inability to use PPE during emergencies, overwork and busy schedules. 13 Other studies have found that this disparity between knowledge and practice could be due to the unavailability of protective barriers, inadequate equipment, and carelessness, malpractice of senior colleagues or interference of devices with working skills. 14 Though overall the knowledge was lesser than desired but the further disparity between knowledge and practice clearly shows that knowledge of transmission pathways and a positive attitude towards infection control measures alone does not influence compliance with current recommendations of infection control.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infection control practices in health care: Teaching and learning requirements of medical undergraduates

Ayub

Goyal

Kotwal

et al. 2013

Medical Journal Armed Forces India

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a b s t r a c tBackground: Compliance and implementation of infection control guidelines have been recognized as efficient means to prevent and control hospital acquired infections. Objectives: To evaluate knowledge and practices about infection control guidelines amongst medical students and to explore their education needs as perceived by them and faculty. Methods: A total of 160 final year students and 100 faculty members of one of the top medical colleges in India were selected by simple random sampling in each group as per sample size of 143 students (alpha 0.05, error 7%, prevalence 60%) and 99 (error 7.5%) faculty. Data collected by pilot-tested, unlinked, anonymous questionnaire. Results: Amongst students, knowledge (77.50%; 95% CI, 70.24e83.72) was mixed with misconceptions. Only 31.25% always followed hand hygiene procedure; 50% recapped needles; disposal of hazardous material into designated containers always was low (sharps 20%, contaminated items 25%). Despite experiencing needle stick injury (6.25%) and splashes (40%), less than 30% reported these as 44% were unaware of reporting procedure. The discord between the perceptions of faculty regarding students and students' own perceptions was clearly evident (all Kappa values less than 0.50). Students and faculty agreed on workshops (58.13% and 58%) and reinforcement by colleagues (51% and 54%) but not on on-job training (51% and 34%) and part of curriculum (48% and 40%) for teachingelearning infection control. Conclusion: Tackling disconnect between students and faculty perceptions and empowering students with knowledge and skills in infection control is important. Approach needs to be researched and formulated as current methods seem to be inadequate. Available online at www.sciencedirect.com journal homepage: w ww.el sevier.com/locate/mjafi m e d i c a l j o u r n a l a r m e d f o r c e s i n d i a 6 9 ( 2 0 1 3 ) 1 0 7 e1 1 2

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“…Even though there is no argument that universal precautions can signifi cantly reduce the risk of HIV infection (33,34), they are not always followed to the letter (35), as in the cases presented here. All our staff that had performed bronchoscopy were tested for HIV infection twice in 12 months and were negative.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Undiagnosed AIDS in Patients with Progressive Dyspnoea: An Occupational Risk for Healthcare Workers in Croatia

Mise

Vučković

Savičević

et al. 2011

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

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Undiagnosed AIDS in Patients with Progressive Dyspnoea: An Occupational Risk for Healthcare Workers in CroatiaPulmonary diseases are well documented and diverse in many patients with HIV in clinical stages 3 and 4. It is not unusual that these patients, most of whom do not know that they are already HIV-infected, are first examined and hospitalised by respiratory medicine specialists. While HIV-infection is relatively simple to diagnose if accompanied by advanced clinical manifestations and is regularly checked in patients with increased risk, this is not the case in low-risk patients, particularly in countries with low-level HIV epidemic and therefore low index of suspicion. Regular examination involves a series of tests, often including bronchoscopy with transbronchal lung biopsy in order to identify an interstitial lung disease and/or progressive dyspnoea. It is not uncommon that patients provide false or incomplete information about their lifestyle, which can mislead the clinician. At this point, HIV-infection is usually not suspected and healthcare workers may not strictly be following the safety principles which are otherwise applied when HIV-infection is known or suspect, although universal precautions are routine practice. At this point, the risk of exposure is the highest and HIV-transmission to healthcare workers is the most likely to occur. The cases presented here indicate that patients with progressive dyspnoea, which is typical of interstitial lung diseases, should undergo HIV-testing as a part of good clinical practice, even in a country with low-level HIV epidemic.

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Universal Precautions in the Era of HIV/AIDS: Perception of Health Service Providers in Yunnan, China

Cited by 32 publications

References 21 publications

The knowledge, attitude, and practice of physicians and medical students of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Iran, regarding standard precautions

The knowledge, attitude, and practice of physicians and medical students of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Iran, regarding standard precautions

Infection control practices in health care: Teaching and learning requirements of medical undergraduates

Undiagnosed AIDS in Patients with Progressive Dyspnoea: An Occupational Risk for Healthcare Workers in Croatia

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