Universal Service Obligations: Fulfilling New Generations of Services of General Economic Interest

Davies, Jim; Szyszczak, Erika

doi:10.1007/978-90-6704-734-0_7

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The three consumer policy sectors are normally perceived to be in perpetual, uninterrupted and ongoing contact (but running parallel to each other, intersecting when necessary, forced or agreed‐to). Davies and Szyszczak () described this as sector‐specific architecture. In contrast, sector convergence refers to the process of consumer policy actors coming from different directions, and eventually meeting in one place, intentionally or not (NYU Research Center for Leadership in Action, ).…”

Section: Three Convergence‐oriented Governance Models Respecting Compmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The existence of complexity requires a multi‐sector approach to accommodate instances when consumer policy initiatives and interests converge and diverge. Consumer policy governance often happens within a sector‐specific architecture (Davies & Szyszczak, ), an arrangement that complicates the complexity imperative. But this must somehow be accommodated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bringing complexity and convergence governance to consumer policy

McGregor

2017

Int J Consumer Studies

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Consumer policy is already being shaped by a combination of governance models. This position paper argues that complexity-oriented convergence models are a timely addition. Modern day consumer policy is characterized as interactive and integrative, replete with shifting boundaries and coalitions and evolving roles for each of state, market and society. This paper focused on governance in the consumer policy arena, arguing that this process needs to acknowledge and reconcile complexity. After describing the basic tenets of complexity theory, two characteristics of contemporary tri-sector interaction (i.e., sector blurring and sector distortion) were discussed.These boundary characteristics necessitate the need for approaches that can accommodate complexity during consumer policy governance. Three examples of the latter were profiled: sector convergence, network governance and cross-sector governance. These conceptualizations accommodate the dynamics, complexity and emergence of contemporary consumer policy governance. K E Y W O R D S complexity, consumer policy, consumer policy governance, convergence, governance, networks Int J Consum Stud. 2017;41:685-695. wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/ijcs

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Section: Three Convergence‐oriented Governance Models Respecting Compmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bringing complexity and convergence governance to consumer policy

McGregor

2017

Int J Consumer Studies

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“…Universal service obligations may be characterised as obligations assigned to providers to provide services to all citizens in the Member State's geographical area, at an affordable price (e.g. Cremer et al 2001;2003 Green Paper;Davies and Szyszczak 2011, emphasising consumer rights as an additional element). PSOs could be wider in scope and may include USO requirements, as well as other quality standards, such as security of supply, frequency or content (e.g.…”

Section: Policy Documents Defining Sgeismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With reference to the definitions supra, and the use of the USO and PSO concepts by EU institutions and academics, it would seem that in reality USOs and PSOs are much the same thing (Baquero Cruz 2005;Davies and Szyszczak 2011). According to the wording of Article 106(2) TFEU, their relationship to SGEIs cannot be coincidence (Neergaard 2009), but this is of minor importance, since ''particular tasks'' must always be ''assigned'' to the SGEI provider in order for the exemption in Article 106(2) TFEU to apply; hence, USOs, PSOs and SGEIs go hand in hand.…”

Section: Policy Documents Defining Sgeismentioning

confidence: 99%

What is a service of general economic interest?

Ølykke

Møllgaard

2013

Eur J Law Econ

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The definition of the concept a ''service of general economic interest'' (SGEI) known from Article 106(2) treaty of the functioning of the European Union is clarified. When a service is determined to be an SGEI, Member States may enact measures and undertakings entrusted with the provision of the SGEI may engage in behaviour which would otherwise be contrary to the rules of the Treaties, notably the competition rules. Member States retain a wide discretion to define, provide and finance SGEIs; i.e. to use the entrustment of an SGEI as a tool to intervene in the market. This discretion is subject only to a test for manifest error of assessment by the Commission. To increase legal certainty, ensure effective intervention in markets and prevent their use in industrial policy, it is highly relevant to clarify what SGEIs are. The various definitions published by the Commission and in the literature are examined, and a new definition of an SGEI based on economic theory (networks and network effects) is formed. This definition is consistent with the case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union and the General Court. On the basis of the definition, implications for efficiency in dealing with SGEIs are made.

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“…The Treaty of Lisbon 2009 created a new legal base for measures in Article 14 TFEU and this gave rise to a debate discussed by Maxian Rusche as to the correct use of such regulatory measures. 16 Davies and Szyszczak 2011. This can be used to allow the funding of public services by reading across the exemption into the state aid rules. The Almunia Package used the legal base of Article 106(3) TFEU, focusing upon the state aid 13 Bauby 2011.…”

Section: The Awkwardness Of Public Servicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Financing Services of General Economic Interest

2013

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Universal Service Obligations: Fulfilling New Generations of Services of General Economic Interest

Cited by 12 publications

References 7 publications

Bringing complexity and convergence governance to consumer policy

Bringing complexity and convergence governance to consumer policy

What is a service of general economic interest?

Financing Services of General Economic Interest

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