Universal test-and-treat in Zambian and South African correctional facilities: a multisite prospective cohort study

Herce, Michael E; Hoffmann, Christopher J.; Fielding, Katherine; Topp, Stephanie M.; Hausler, Harry; Chimoyi, Lucy; Smith, Helene J.; Chetty-Makkan, Candice M.; Mukora, Rachel; Tlali, Mpho; Olivier, Abraham J.; Muyoyeta, Monde; Reid, Stewart E.; Charalambous, Salome

doi:10.1016/s2352-3018(20)30188-0

Cited by 23 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…4 Poteat and colleagues' findings also corroborate previous literature on trans-specific barriers to PrEP engagement including internalised transphobia, scarcity of transgender-competent providers, and concerns about negative interactions between PrEP and hormone medications. 5 Notably, Poteat and colleagues found that high community connectedness with other transgender women was associated with lower willingness to use PrEP, which warrants further investigation in light of prior research on the benefits of community engagement in promoting PrEP for transgender women. 5 The authors posited that the marketing focus on PrEP for cisgender men might have contributed to views by some community-involved transgender women that PrEP is less relevant for women.…”

Section: Gender-affirmative Systems Needed For Prep Implementationmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…5 Notably, Poteat and colleagues found that high community connectedness with other transgender women was associated with lower willingness to use PrEP, which warrants further investigation in light of prior research on the benefits of community engagement in promoting PrEP for transgender women. 5 The authors posited that the marketing focus on PrEP for cisgender men might have contributed to views by some community-involved transgender women that PrEP is less relevant for women.…”

Section: Gender-affirmative Systems Needed For Prep Implementationmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…9,10 Herce and colleagues implemented the same standard of HIV care practised in the community into correctional facilities. 5 In the same way, as new approaches for managing the coronavirus epidemic in the community are developed-aggressive testing of symptomatic and asymptomatic people with contact tracing-the same standard of care will be needed in correctional facilities. Only by doing so can the role of prisons and jails as reservoirs of viral infection be minimised.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Control of epidemics by jails: lessons for COVID-19 from HIV

Ohuabunwa

Spaulding

2020

The Lancet HIV

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Section: Gender-affirmative Systems Needed For Prep Implementationmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Gender-affirmative Systems Needed For Prep Implementationmentioning

confidence: 93%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Control of epidemics by jails: lessons for COVID-19 from HIV

Ohuabunwa

Spaulding

2020

The Lancet HIV

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“…and its associated risk factors in Zambia correctional facilities. [7][8][9][10] This study aimed to determine the current prevalence of all forms of TB, bacteriologically confirmed TB and drug-resistant (DR) TB, and the prevalence of HIV in 13 Zambian correctional facilities.…”

Section: Open Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-sectional assessment of tuberculosis and HIV prevalence in 13 correctional facilities in Zambia

et al. 2021

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ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) and HIV in 13 Zambian correctional facilities.MethodsCross-sectional study.Setting13 correctional facilities in seven of the 10 provinces in Zambia.ParticipantsAll incarcerated individuals were eligible for TB and HIV screening and testing. Of the total study population of 9695 individuals, which represent 46.2% of total correctional population at the beginning of the study, 8267 and 8160 were screened for TB and HIV, respectively.InterventionsTB and HIV screening and testing was done between July 2018 and February 2019.Primary outcome measuresAll forms of TB, bacteriologically confirmed TB, drug-resistant TB, HIV.ResultsPrevalence of all forms of TB and bacteriologically confirmed TB was 1599 (1340–1894) per 100 000 population and 1056 (847–1301) per 100 000 population, respectively. Among those with bacteriologically confirmed TB, 4.6% (1.3%–11.4%) had drug-resistant TB.There was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of all forms of TB, bacteriologically confirmed TB and drug resistant TB between adults and juveniles: (p=0.82), (p=0.23), (p=0.68) respectively. Of the bacteriologically confirmed TB cases, 28.7% were asymptomatic. The prevalence of HIV was 14.3% (13.6%–15.1%). The prevalence of HIV among females was 1.8 times the prevalence of HIV among males (p=0.01).ConclusionCompared with the study in 2011 which screened inmates representing 30% of the country’s inmate population, then the prevalence of all forms of TB and HIV in correctional facilities has reduced by about 75% and 37.6%, respectively. However, compared with the general population, the prevalence of all forms of TB and HIV was 3.5 and 1.3 times higher, respectively. TB/HIV programmes in correctional facilities need further strengthening to include aspects of juvenile-specific TB programming and gender responsive HIV programming.

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“…9 Tuberculosis control among incarcerated populations has inherent challenges, but the controlled and confined environment also provides an opportunity to implement effective strategies. 10 We therefore call for incarcerated populations to be included in all national efforts and advocate for better synergies with existing and broader infectious disease control programmes to meet the specific needs of prisoners. Tuberculosis elimination can only be achieved if all populations and chains of transmission are sufficiently addressed; incarcerated populations should not become the weakest link that undermines the progress being made elsewhere.…”

Section: Tuberculosis In Prisons: An Unintended Sentence?mentioning

confidence: 99%