“…Joint R&D projects with universities or research institutions enable access to valuable resources such as networks of scientists and laboratories (Audretsch, Leyden, and Link, 2012;Baba, Shichijo, and Sedita, 2009;Bstieler, Hemmert, and Barczak, 2015), which contribute to the creation of novel and innovative technologies (Belderbos, Carree, and Lokshin, 2004;Faems, Van Looy, and Debackere, 2005). Universityindustry collaboration (UIC) is therefore considered to be an engine of innovation (Cheng and Huizingh, 2014;Decter, Bennett, and Leseure, 2007;Feller, Ailes, and Roessner, 2002).…”