“…UCTTP is an NP-complete problem (Socha et al, 2003;Mazlan et al, 2019), which is usually solved by heuristics (Babaei et al, 2015;Schaerf, 1999). Lewis (2008), Qu and Burke (2009), Burke et al (2010), Jat and Yang (2011), Al-Betar and Khader (2012), Abdullah et al (2012), Bolaji et al (2014), Bellio et al (2016), Abdelhalim and El Khayat (2016), Pillay and Özcan (2019) and Mazlan et al (2019) are examples of using heuristics for UCTTP. All of them are quite efficient but applied to a single institution.…”