2010
DOI: 10.1007/s12263-010-0180-z
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Unleashing the untold and misunderstood observations on vitamin E

Abstract: Paradoxically, meta-analysis of human randomized controlled trials revealed that natural but not synthetic α-tocopherol supplementation significantly increases all-cause mortality at 95% confidence interval. The root cause was that natural α-tocopherol supplementation significantly depressed bioavailability of other forms of vitamin E that have better chemo-prevention capability. Meta-analysis outcome demonstrated flaws in the understanding of vitamin E. Reinterpretation of reported data provides plausible exp… Show more

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Cited by 47 publications
(41 citation statements)
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“…Once secreted into the circulation, VLDL are converted into intermediate-density lipoproteins (IDL) and low-density lipoproteins (LDL) by the action of LPL, and the excess of VLDL surface components, including α-tocopherol, is transferred to high-density lipoproteins (HDL) (Traber, 2007;Wu and Croft, 2007;Gee, 2011).…”
Section: Distribution To Tissues and Estimation Of Body Poolsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Once secreted into the circulation, VLDL are converted into intermediate-density lipoproteins (IDL) and low-density lipoproteins (LDL) by the action of LPL, and the excess of VLDL surface components, including α-tocopherol, is transferred to high-density lipoproteins (HDL) (Traber, 2007;Wu and Croft, 2007;Gee, 2011).…”
Section: Distribution To Tissues and Estimation Of Body Poolsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It was reported that after feeding rats mixed tocotrienols, the oral bioavailability of α-tocotrienol was 28% compared to 9% of γ-tocotrienol and δ-tocotrienol [9]. Tocotrienols in humans were detected in postprandial plasma [10,11], and they were found enriched in triacylglycerol-rich particles, HDL, and LDL after administration of palm tocotrienol-rich fraction (mixture of 68% tocotrienol + 32% in humans [11,20] and most of the investigations focused on the bioavailability of palm tocotrienol-rich fraction, which is a tocotrienoltocopherol mixture. One study explored the bioavailability of barley and palm oil tocotrienols from which tocopherol had been removed, and compared them to bioavailability of tocopherol-tocotrienol mixtures with the observation that alpha-tocopherol may negatively impact tocotrienol absorption [26].…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Also α-tocopherol interferences with tocotrienol functions such as attenuation of cancer inhibition [14][15][16], exacerbation of stroke injury [17], inhibition of absorption [18], and induction of tocotrienol catabolism [19]. Therefore, dietary supplementation of tocotrienol preparations with minimal concentrations of tocopherol (<20%) in the mixture has been recommended for the inhibition of several biological activities [12,20]. All the isomers of tocols were detected in plasma as well as in various tissues of rats (liver, heart, and adipose) [21] and humans (skin, adipose, brain, cardiac muscle, and liver) [22].…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Proses transfer tersebut akan dipercepat oleh protein transfer fosfolipid. Sisa vitamin E dalam kilomikron remnant yang tidak digunakan dibawa ke hati oleh sel parenkim untuk kemudian disimpan sebagai cadangan vitamin E (Gee, 2011). Ketika tubuh memerlukan vitamin E, hati akan mensekresi α-tokoferol ke plasma melalui Very Low Density Lipoprotein (VLDL).…”
Section: Pendahuluanunclassified
“…α-tokoferol membutuhkan kilomikron sebagai media transportasi dalam tubuh (Gee, 2011). Kilomikron tersebut membawa α-tokoferol masuk ke dalam sistem limfatik dalam bentuk droplet lemak.…”
Section: Bioavailabilitas α-Tokoferol Pada Minuman Emulsi Minyak Sawitunclassified