Unlocking the Therapeutic Potential of Irisin: Harnessing Its Function in Degenerative Disorders and Tissue Regeneration

Zhang, Yuwei; Wang, Lizhen; Kang, Hongyan; Lin, Chien‐Chi; Fan, Yubo

doi:10.3390/ijms24076551

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…It is widely accepted that physical exercise has antidegenerative and renewal properties, and myokines are the leading mediators of these beneficial effects. Irisin is primarily involved in maintaining muscle cell and bone health thanks to its anti-inflammatory [ 228 ] and regenerative properties [ 229 ]. Mechanistic studies have shown a close association between irisin deficiency and the development of insulin resistance and cardiometabolic complications, such as pathological myocardial remodeling [ 230 ].…”

Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sarcopenia and Diabetes: A Detrimental Liaison of Advancing Age

Lisco,

Disoteo,

De Tullio

et al. 2023

Nutrients

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Sarcopenia is an age-related clinical complaint characterized by the progressive deterioration of skeletal muscle mass and strength over time. Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with faster and more relevant skeletal muscle impairment. Both conditions influence each other, leading to negative consequences on glycemic control, cardiovascular risk, general health status, risk of falls, frailty, overall quality of life, and mortality. PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched for research articles, scientific reports, observational studies, clinical trials, narrative and systematic reviews, and meta-analyses to review the evidence on the pathophysiology of di-abetes-induced sarcopenia, its relevance in terms of glucose control and diabetes-related outcomes, and diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. The review comprehensively addresses key elements for the clinical definition and diagnostic criteria of sarcopenia, the pathophysiological correlation be-tween T2D, sarcopenia, and related outcomes, a critical review of the role of antihyperglycemic treatment on skeletal muscle health, and perspectives on the role of specific treatment targeting myokine signaling pathways involved in glucose control and the regulation of skeletal muscle metabolism and trophism. Prompt diagnosis and adequate management, including lifestyle inter-vention, health diet programs, micronutrient supplementation, physical exercise, and pharmaco-logical treatment, are needed to prevent or delay skeletal muscle deterioration in T2D.

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Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sarcopenia and Diabetes: A Detrimental Liaison of Advancing Age

Lisco,

Disoteo,

De Tullio

et al. 2023

Nutrients

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“…Osteocalcin, a protein involved in building bones and controlling glucose levels, is also affected. The mechanical stress on bones during resistance training is thought to increase the production of osteocalcin, which improves bone density and controls glucose levels [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise-Induced Alterations in Irisin and Osteocalcin Levels: A Comparative Analysis Across Different Training Modalities

Adilakshmi,

Suganthi,

Balu Mahendran

et al. 2024

Cureus

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Background: Physical activity significantly influences physiological biomarkers, including irisin and osteocalcin, which are pivotal for metabolic and bone health. Understanding the differential impacts of various exercise modalities on these biomarkers is essential for optimizing health benefits. Objectives: The study aimed to compare the effects of endurance training and high-intensity resistance training (HIRT) on the levels of irisin and osteocalcin and determine which exercise modality more effectively influences these health-related biomarkers. Methods: The study was conducted at the Nimra Institute of Medical Sciences in Andhra Pradesh, India, where 100 healthy male participants aged between 21 and 35 were recruited. These participants, who were not regularly active and had no metabolic or bone diseases, were divided into two groups to undergo an eight-week training from March to April 2022. One group participated in endurance training involving running and cycling, while the other engaged in HIRT, both targeting a heart rate set at 75% of the maximum. Baseline and follow-up measurements of irisin and osteocalcin were taken before and after the training using blood samples collected after fasting. The study used paired t-tests to analyze changes in biomarker levels, and Pearson correlation coefficients to explore the relationship between the biomarkers, with results processed using statistical software and presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD). Results: Post-intervention, both exercise groups showed significant increases in irisin and a modest increase in osteocalcin levels. The HIRT group exhibited a higher increase in irisin levels (+119.33 pg/mL, p<0.015) compared to the endurance group (+108.32 pg/mL, p<0.023). Similarly, osteocalcin levels increased modestly in both groups, with the HIRT group showing a higher mean difference (+0.75 pg/mL, p<0.001) than the endurance group (+0.70 pg/mL). The study also found a link between changes in irisin and osteocalcin levels. This link was stronger in the HIRT group (r = +0.22; p < 0.039) than in the endurance group (r = +0.20; p < 0.038). Conclusion: Both endurance and high-intensity resistance training are effective in enhancing metabolic and bone health, evidenced by increases in irisin and osteocalcin levels. Although the differences in mean values suggest that HIRT may have a marginal advantage in boosting these biomarkers, confirming the statistical significance of this difference is essential. Further research is required to understand the mechanisms behind these effects and to assess their long-term impacts on health and disease prevention.

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