Unmanned aerial systems in search and rescue applications with their path planning: a review

Abstract

In recent days, the Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) is an emerging technology rapidly across many warfare’s and enable new civilian domains which include real-time monitoring, security, border surveillance, wildlife surveys, providing wireless coverage, weather monitoring, smart farming, surveying, search and rescue, products delivery, farming, and civil structure inspection. Initially, there were many challenges in the design and control of UAS as it lacks an onboard pilot for navigation. Now the condition is improved with the implementation of artificial intelligence techniques in path planning and their coordination. Unmanned Aerial vehicles (UAV) in UAS technology open up new potentials in a variety of fields. This paper presents a review of recent literature, starting with the introduction about the UAS and its types, components, developments, potential applications of UAV in search and rescue and the paper completes with a summary of the different path planning methods used in UAS.

Advancements of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Technology in the Realm of Applied Sciences and Engineering: A Review

“…UAVs have a wide range of uses, and according to Arjomandi et al, [29], it is challenging to create a classification scheme that covers all UAVs. However, different authors' standards can be taken into consideration since there is no single classification scheme that systematically describes all UAV classifications [19]. According to Shakhatreh et al, [13], unmanned vehicles can be categorized into five primary groups based on how they function.…”

“…According to Fan et al, [31], the use of UAV systems has broader and more significant application opportunities. As highlighted in 2021 by Ajith and Jolly [19] and Alghamdi et al, [21] further emphasized that the UAV is an emerging technology that is rapidly expanding across many warfare domains and enabling new civilian domains, such as cinematography, agriculture, search and rescue, surveying and mapping, logistics and delivery, inspection, and monitoring. Practically speaking, UAVs are suited for a variety of applications that can advance applied sciences and engineering, according to Mugnai and Tucci [60].…”

“…Zhang et al, [18] thoroughly examine the development and use of UAVs in Chinese agriculture while describing their technological and payload capabilities, benefits, and drawbacks. A review of recent literature is presented by Ajith and Jolly [19] begins with an overview of the UAV and its various types, parts, advancements, and possible uses. An overview of the use of UAVs to evaluate air quality was presented by Lambey and Prasad [20].…”

A Review on the State of the Art in Copter Drones and Flight Control Systems

“…Aerial Surveillance. Equipped with high-resolution cameras and thermal imaging sensors, drones provide a bird’s-eye view of the search area [ 120 , 121 ]. Aerial surveillance enhances the visibility of the terrain, making it easier to spot individuals or objects, especially in challenging or remote locations.…”

Features of Selection of Unmanned Aircraft System

“…4. Рассматриваемые БД могут быть использованы в работе сотрудниками и специалистами поисково-спасательных отрядов и других служб МЧС России для упорядочения и дифференцированного подхода в выборе необходимой беспилотной авиационной системы самолетного типа для выполнения поставленных задач с учетом местности и условий их применения [8][9][10][11].…”