Unmyelinated innervation of sinus hair follicles in rats

Waite, Phil M.E.; Li, L.

doi:10.1007/bf00190140

Cited by 16 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…However, others have reported no reduction in the unmyelinated fiber count in the deep vibrissal nerves following sympathectomy, suggesting that the fibers serve a sensory function (Waite and Li, 1993). This is in accordance with our present results, which demonstrate that the inner-sinus plexus fibers are DOR-immunoreactive, do not display TH or RT-97 immunoreactivity, but do colocalize with CGRP-ir.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Immunohistochemical localization of delta opioid receptors in peripheral tissues

Wenk

Honda

1999

J. Comp. Neurol.

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The distribution of delta opioid receptor (DOR) immunoreactivity (ir) was examined in various peripheral tissues of Sprague-Dawley rats and macaque monkeys, including glabrous and hairy skin, corneas, eyelids, and the lip. DOR-ir was observed in all tissues examined. In addition to the presence of DOR-immunoreactive fibers in subcutaneous nerve bundles and the papillary dermis, we report the existence of positively labeled fibers and terminals in close association with peripheral structures not traditionally assigned a primarily nociceptive function, such as hair follicles, glandular apparatus, and blood vessels. In every case, staining was restricted to small-diameter axons that appeared to terminate as free nerve endings. To further classify DOR-immunoreactive fibers, we examined the extent of colocalization between DOR and three commonly used neuronal subtype markers; tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), and RT-97, a monoclonal antibody which preferentially labels neurons with myelinated axons. Additional double-labeling experiments using the nonspecific neuronal marker Protein Gene Product 9.5 were performed in glabrous skin to determine the percentage of total fiber count that displayed DOR-ir. No colocalization was observed between DOR and RT-97, indicating that DOR-ir is localized to unmyelinated axons. In addition, DOR colocalized with CGRP, but did not colocalize with TH. Taken together, these data support the hypothesis that delta opioid receptors in peripheral tissues are associated with sensory fibers, but not with the terminals of postganglionic sympathetic neurons.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Immunohistochemical localization of delta opioid receptors in peripheral tissues

Wenk

Honda

1999

J. Comp. Neurol.

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“…The deep vibrissal nerves leave their parent nerve in the subcutaneous tissue, ascend through the intervibrissal space in the dermis, and penetrate the dense collagenous capsule at the level between the lower and middle thirds of the follicle [Maklad et al, 2004]. This basic innervation pattern of the deep vibrissal nerve is similar to that described in previous studies [Waite and Li, 1993;Rice et al, 1997;Ebara et al, 2002]. A recent study has demonstrated the dual innervation of the deep vibrissal nerve in the Florida manatee [Sarko et al, 2007]; however, the deep vibrissal nerve innervation pattern was singular in the present study, not dual ( fig.…”

Section: Innervation Of the Deep Vibrissal Nervesupporting

confidence: 84%

The Morphology of the Rat Vibrissal Follicle-Sinus Complex Revealed by Three-Dimensional Computer-Aided Reconstruction

Kim¹,

Koh²,

Lee³

et al. 2010

Cells Tissues Organs

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The vibrissal follicle-sinus complex (FSC) is a sensory receptor of the mammalian integumentary system that is located around the mouth. The purpose of the present study was to identify the actual 3-dimensional structure of the rat vibrissal FSC. Rat skin tissue was serially sectioned at a thickness of 10 µm and then stained with Masson’s trichrome. The serial sections were reconstructed 3-dimensionally using Reconstruct software. The rat vibrissal follicle is a spindle-shaped structure that is embedded within a blood sinus and enveloped within a thick collagenous capsule. The vibrissal FSC is innervated by the deep vibrissal and superficial vibrissal nerves. The deep vibrissal nerve, travelling in the basal-to-apical direction, penetrates the thick collagenous capsule of the vibrissal FSC. The sinus system can be divided into a superior portion, known as the ring sinus, and an inferior portion, known as the cavernous sinus. The ring sinus contains a C-shaped structure, the ringwulst, which is suspended from the mesenchymal sheath of the follicle. Collagenous trabeculae can be seen in the cavernous sinus but not in the ring sinus. The ring sinus encircles the follicle obliquely and asymmetrically. The ringwulst encircles the follicle incompletely, in a C-shaped fashion. This study has demonstrated the previously underappreciated 3-dimensional structure of the vibrissal FSC, which differs from previously reported descriptions, and provides data that will enhance the understanding of vibrissal function.

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“…However, human microneurography experiments again showed in the late 1990s that C-LTMRs are relatively common in human skin (30,58). Anatomical studies had provided hints that some hair follicles may be innervated by unmyelinated afferent fibers (23,77), but until recently direct evidence had been lacking.…”

Section: Unmyelinated Hair Follicle Afferents: Tactile C-fibersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hairy Sensation

Lechner

Lewin

2013

Physiology

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The hairs of the skin not only function to prevent heat loss but also have important sensory functions. Recent work has now established that each hair of the skin is innervated by one or more of three types of mechanoreceptor ending. Each of these three mechanoreceptor types possesses distinct molecular features and detects distinctive information about skin touch, which is relayed to specific brain locations in a somatotopic fashion.

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Unmyelinated innervation of sinus hair follicles in rats

Cited by 16 publications

References 35 publications

Immunohistochemical localization of delta opioid receptors in peripheral tissues

Immunohistochemical localization of delta opioid receptors in peripheral tissues

The Morphology of the Rat Vibrissal Follicle-Sinus Complex Revealed by Three-Dimensional Computer-Aided Reconstruction

Hairy Sensation

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