Unpacking the Internalized Homonegativity–Health Relationship: How the Measurement of Internalized Homonegativity and Health Matter and the Contribution of Religiousness

Lefevor, G. Tyler; Larsen, Eric R.; Golightly, Rachel M.; Landrum, Maddie

doi:10.1007/s10508-022-02436-y

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…Foster et al, 2017; Kubicek et al, 2009; Wright & Stern, 2016). Ultimately, internalized stigma seems to be associated with depression, substance use, and suicide (Alessi et al, 2021; Kralovec et al, 2014; Newcomb & Mustanski, 2010), though at least a handful of studies suggest that this relationship is less strong among individuals who are RS (Brewster et al, 2016; Crowell et al, 2015; Kralovec et al, 2014), potentially due to conceptual overlap between measures of RS and internalized stigma (Rosik et al, 2021; i.e., measures of internalized stigma assess attitudes and behaviors that an RS individual would endorse, regardless of their degree of internalized stigma; although see Lefevor et al, 2022, for a recent meta-analysis that suggests this may not be the case). Many studies have suggested that RS ultimately affects SGMs’ health negatively because SGMs who are RS experience less SGM identity affirmation and more religiously based conflict than those who are not RS (Heiden-Rootes, Wiegand, et al, 2020; Jacobsen & Wright, 2014; Page et al, 2013; Stern & Wright, 2018; Szymanski & Carretta, 2019).…”

Section: Introducing the Religious/spiritual Stress And Resilience Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Religion/Spirituality, Stress, and Resilience Among Sexual and Gender Minorities: The Religious/Spiritual Stress and Resilience Model

Lefevor

Etengoff

Davis

et al. 2023

Perspect Psychol Sci

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Although many sexual and gender minorities (SGMs) consider themselves religious or spiritual, the impact of this religiousness or spirituality (RS) on their health is poorly understood. We introduce the religious/spiritual stress and resilience model (RSSR) to provide a robust framework for understanding the variegated ways that RS influences the health of SGMs. The RSSR bridges existing theorizing on minority stress, structural stigma, and RS-health pathways to articulate the circumstances under which SGMs likely experience RS as health promoting or health damaging. The RSSR makes five key propositions: (a) Minority stress and resilience processes influence health; (b) RS influences general resilience processes; (c) RS influences minority-specific stress and resilience processes; (d) these relationships are moderated by a number of variables uniquely relevant to RS among SGMs, such as congregational stances on same-sex sexual behavior and gender expression or an individual’s degree of SGM and RS identity integration; and (e) relationships between minority stress and resilience, RS, and health are bidirectional. In this manuscript, we describe the empirical basis for each of the five propositions focusing on research examining the relationship between RS and health among SGMs. We conclude by describing how the RSSR may inform future research on RS and health among SGMs.

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Section: Introducing the Religious/spiritual Stress And Resilience Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Religion/Spirituality, Stress, and Resilience Among Sexual and Gender Minorities: The Religious/Spiritual Stress and Resilience Model

Lefevor

Etengoff

Davis

et al. 2023

Perspect Psychol Sci

Self Cite

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“…Our findings also provide further support for gender dysphoria being conceptualized as a proximal stressor given that it also loaded onto the general proximal stress factor (Lindley & Galupo, 2020). Previous research on internalized stigma among LGBTQ+ populations has typically only examined internalized homo/trans negativity (also called internalized homophobia/biphobia/transphobia or internalized heterosexism/cissexism), which measures the degree to which one dislikes or feels negatively about their sexual orientation or gender (see Lefevor et al, 2023). Having measures of internalized invalidation and internalized burdensomeness can provide valuable insights about how these specific forms of internalized stigma relate to mental health and well-being.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and validation of the nonbinary distal minority stressors, proximal minority stressors, and resilience scales.

Matsuno,

Bricker,

Collazo

et al. 2024

Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity

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“…This particular domain may be salient for sex research due to its relationship with other self-conscious emotions (e.g., shame or anticipated rejection; Feinstein, 2020; Rendina et al, 2019). IH may present as negative attitudes about SM identities and has been associated with greater overall psychological distress and poorer physical and sexual health outcomes (Lefevor et al, 2023).…”

Section: Minority Stress Theory and Identity Perceptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analyzing (pluri)sexual satisfaction and pleasure: A 38-year content analysis.

Vigil¹,

Hargons²,

Savage³

et al. 2023

Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity

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Sexual satisfaction (i.e., feeling sexually fulfilled) and sexual pleasure (i.e., positive physical and emotional experiences during sex) are predominantly studied among heterosexual, white, cisgender samples; whereas, sex research using lesbian, gay, bisexual, or queer (LGBQ+) samples has often taken a deficit-based approach (e.g., sexually transmitted infection, engagement in risky sex). By studying this population predominantly within a deficit-based approach, the risk of pathologizing them rises, especially among multiply marginalized LGBQ+ individuals. Among the studies that do employ a sex-positive lens with LGBQ+ samples, existing scholarship has not been systematically reviewed to determine the representation of plurisexual individuals (i.e., bisexual and pansexual), how these studies depict their intersecting marginalized racial and gender identities, or the inclusion of LGBQ+-specific variables (i.e., internalized homonegativity [IH], internalized binegativity [IB], identity pride [IP]). To address these questions, we conducted a 38-year (1983-2021) content analysis of literature studying sexual satisfaction and/or sexual pleasure among LGBQ+ individuals. Of 75 articles analyzed, sexual satisfaction was measured more frequently (N = 65) than sexual pleasure (N = 10). While roughly half of the articles (N = 39) included bisexual participants, on average they comprised only 10.58% of the sample. Pansexual (N = 5) or queer (N = 9) identities were significantly less represented within samples. Twelve articles included IH, one article included IB more specifically, and two articles included identity affirmation or pride. Only 12 articles included samples that were not predominately white and 11 articles included transgender or gender-expansive participants. Implications for future research among plurisexual samples will be discussed. Public Significance StatementThis content analysis indicates that plurisexual individuals overall and plurisexual individuals who hold other intersecting marginalized identities are vastly underrepresented in sex-positive research focusing on the LGBTQ+ community. Our findings highlight the need for intentional study design that is specifically catered to the unique experiences of multiply marginalized plurisexual individuals.

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Unpacking the Internalized Homonegativity–Health Relationship: How the Measurement of Internalized Homonegativity and Health Matter and the Contribution of Religiousness

Cited by 9 publications

References 86 publications

Religion/Spirituality, Stress, and Resilience Among Sexual and Gender Minorities: The Religious/Spiritual Stress and Resilience Model

Religion/Spirituality, Stress, and Resilience Among Sexual and Gender Minorities: The Religious/Spiritual Stress and Resilience Model

Development and validation of the nonbinary distal minority stressors, proximal minority stressors, and resilience scales.

Analyzing (pluri)sexual satisfaction and pleasure: A 38-year content analysis.

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