Unraveling COVID-19: a large-scale characterization of 4.5 million COVID-19 cases using CHARYBDIS

Prieto-Alhambra, Daniel; Kostka, Kristin; Duarte‐Salles, Talita; Prats‐Uribe, Albert; Sena, Anthony G.; Pistillo, Andrea; Khalid, Sara; Lai, Lana Yin Hui; Golozar, Asieh; Alshammari, Thamir M; Dawoud, Dalia; Nyberg, Fredrik; Wilcox, Adam B.; Andryc, Alan; Williams, Andrew E.; Ostropolets, Anna; Areia, Carlos; Jung, Chi Young; Harle, Christopher A.; Reich, Christian; Blacketer, Clair; Moralès, Daniel; Dorr, David A.; Burn, Edward; Roel, Elena; Tan, Eng Hooi; Minty, Evan; DeFalco, Frank; Maeztu, Gabriel de; Lipori, Gigi; Alghoul, Heba; Zhu, Hong; Thomas, J. A. C.; Bian, Jiang; Park, J.; Roldán, Jordi Martínez; Posada, Jose; Banda, Juan M.; Horcajada, Juan Pablo; Kohler, Julianna; Shah, Karishma; Natarajan, Karthik; Lynch, Kristine E.; Liu, L.; Schilling, Lisa M.; Recalde, Martina; Spotnitz, Matthew; Gong, Maolian; Matheny, Michael E.; Valveny, Neus; Weiskopf, Nicole G.; Shah, Nigam H.; Alser, Osaid; Casajust, Paula; Park, R. W.; Schuff, Robert; Seager, Sarah; DuVall, Scott L.; You, Seng Chan; Song, Seok Young; Fernández-Bertolín, Sergio; Fortin, Stephen; Magoč, Tanja; Falconer, Thomas; Subbian, Vignesh; Huser, Vojtech; Ahmed, Waheed-Ul-Rahman; Carter, W.; Guo, Yin; Galvan, Yankuic; He, Xiaowen; Hripcsak, George; Ryan, Patrick B.; Suchard, Marc A.

doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-279400/v1

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The study protocol and analytical package were released on 11 June 2020, and iterative updates are continually released through GitHub 18. Our study was also published as a preprint 19…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of repurposed and adjuvant drugs in hospital patients with covid-19: multinational network cohort study

Prats-Uribe

Sena

Lai

et al. 2021

BMJ

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective To investigate the use of repurposed and adjuvant drugs in patients admitted to hospital with covid-19 across three continents. Design Multinational network cohort study. Setting Hospital electronic health records from the United States, Spain, and China, and nationwide claims data from South Korea. Participants 303 264 patients admitted to hospital with covid-19 from January 2020 to December 2020. Main outcome measures Prescriptions or dispensations of any drug on or 30 days after the date of hospital admission for covid-19. Results Of the 303 264 patients included, 290 131 were from the US, 7599 from South Korea, 5230 from Spain, and 304 from China. 3455 drugs were identified. Common repurposed drugs were hydroxychloroquine (used in from <5 (<2%) patients in China to 2165 (85.1%) in Spain), azithromycin (from 15 (4.9%) in China to 1473 (57.9%) in Spain), combined lopinavir and ritonavir (from 156 (<2%) in the VA-OMOP US to 2,652 (34.9%) in South Korea and 1285 (50.5%) in Spain), and umifenovir (0% in the US, South Korea, and Spain and 238 (78.3%) in China). Use of adjunctive drugs varied greatly, with the five most used treatments being enoxaparin, fluoroquinolones, ceftriaxone, vitamin D, and corticosteroids. Hydroxychloroquine use increased rapidly from March to April 2020 but declined steeply in May to June and remained low for the rest of the year. The use of dexamethasone and corticosteroids increased steadily during 2020. Conclusions Multiple drugs were used in the first few months of the covid-19 pandemic, with substantial geographical and temporal variation. Hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, lopinavir-ritonavir, and umifenovir (in China only) were the most prescribed repurposed drugs. Antithrombotics, antibiotics, H2 receptor antagonists, and corticosteroids were often used as adjunctive treatments. Research is needed on the comparative risk and benefit of these treatments in the management of covid-19.

show abstract

“…The study protocol and analytical package were released on 11 June 2020, and iterative updates are continually released through GitHub 18. Our study was also published as a preprint 19…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of repurposed and adjuvant drugs in hospital patients with covid-19: multinational network cohort study

Prats-Uribe

Sena

Lai

et al. 2021

BMJ

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The Characterizing Health Associated Risks and Your Baseline Disease In SARS-COV-2 (CHARYBDIS) study is a multinational cohort study using retrospective electronic health records and claims data on COVID-19 patients from three continents, the North America (US), Europe, and Asia 7 . All data for were standardized to the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership (OMOP) Common Data Model (CDM) 8,9 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients with COPD from the United States, South Korea, and Europe

et al. 2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Characterization studies of COVID-19 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are limited in size and scope. The aim of the study is to provide a large-scale characterization of COVID-19 patients with COPD. Methods: We included thirteen databases contributing data from January-June 2020 from North America (US), Europe and Asia. We defined two cohorts of patients with COVID-19 namely a ‘diagnosed’ and ‘hospitalized’ cohort. We followed patients from COVID-19 index date to 30 days or death. We performed descriptive analysis and reported the frequency of characteristics and outcomes among COPD patients with COVID-19. Results: The study included 934,778 patients in the diagnosed COVID-19 cohort and 177,201 in the hospitalized COVID-19 cohort. Observed COPD prevalence in the diagnosed cohort ranged from 3.8% (95%CI 3.5-4.1%) in French data to 22.7% (95%CI 22.4-23.0) in US data, and from 1.9% (95%CI 1.6-2.2) in South Korean to 44.0% (95%CI 43.1-45.0) in US data, in the hospitalized cohorts. COPD patients in the hospitalized cohort had greater comorbidity than those in the diagnosed cohort, including hypertension, heart disease, diabetes and obesity. Mortality was higher in COPD patients in the hospitalized cohort and ranged from 7.6% (95%CI 6.9-8.4) to 32.2% (95%CI 28.0-36.7) across databases. ARDS, acute renal failure, cardiac arrhythmia and sepsis were the most common outcomes among hospitalized COPD patients. Conclusion: COPD patients with COVID-19 have high levels of COVID-19-associated comorbidities and poor COVID-19 outcomes. Further research is required to identify patients with COPD at high risk of worse outcomes.

show abstract

“…A multinational, multidatabase cohort study was conducted using data from 1 March to 31 October 2020 included in ‘The Characterizing Health Associated Risks and Your Baseline Disease In SARS-COV-2’ (CHARYBDIS 23 ) study. This is a large-scale multinational cohort study aimed to characterise health-associated risks and baseline diseases in SARS-CoV-2 patients using routinely collected primary care and hospital electronic health records (EHR), hospital billing and insurance claims data from the USA, Europe (the Netherlands, Spain, UK, Germany and France) and Asia (South Korea and China).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Data results for this paper were extracted on 21 January 2021. 23 Fifteen databases complied with the aforementioned inclusion criteria. Of these, five had data for outpatients: IQVIA-Longitudinal Patients Database ‘LPD’ (France), IQVIA-Longitudinal Patients Database ‘LPD’ (Italy), IQVIA-Disease Analyser ‘DA’ (Germany), Clinical Practice Research Datalink ‘CPRD’ (UK) and Integrated Primary Care Information ‘IPCI’ (the Netherlands); two had data for inpatients: Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service ‘HIRA’ (South Korea) and Hospital del Mar ‘HMAR’ (Spain); and eight had both inpatient and outpatient data: IQVIA-OpenClaims, HealthVerity, Information System for Research in Primary Care ‘SIDIAP’ (Spain 24 ), Optum de-identified Electronic Health Record Dataset ‘OPTUM-HER’ (USA), United States Department of Veterans Affairs (VA-OMOP), Columbia University Irving Medical Center ‘CUIMC’ (USA), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus Health Data Compass ‘CU-AMC-HDC’, and STAnford Medicine Research Data Repository ‘STARR-OMOP’ (USA 25 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics and outcomes of patients with COVID-19 with and without prevalent hypertension: a multinational cohort study

et al. 2021

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ObjectiveTo characterise patients with and without prevalent hypertension and COVID-19 and to assess adverse outcomes in both inpatients and outpatients.Design and settingThis is a retrospective cohort study using 15 healthcare databases (primary and secondary electronic healthcare records, insurance and national claims data) from the USA, Europe and South Korea, standardised to the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership common data model. Data were gathered from 1 March to 31 October 2020.ParticipantsTwo non-mutually exclusive cohorts were defined: (1) individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 (diagnosed cohort) and (2) individuals hospitalised with COVID-19 (hospitalised cohort), and stratified by hypertension status. Follow-up was from COVID-19 diagnosis/hospitalisation to death, end of the study period or 30 days.OutcomesDemographics, comorbidities and 30-day outcomes (hospitalisation and death for the ‘diagnosed’ cohort and adverse events and death for the ‘hospitalised’ cohort) were reported.ResultsWe identified 2 851 035 diagnosed and 563 708 hospitalised patients with COVID-19. Hypertension was more prevalent in the latter (ranging across databases from 17.4% (95% CI 17.2 to 17.6) to 61.4% (95% CI 61.0 to 61.8) and from 25.6% (95% CI 24.6 to 26.6) to 85.9% (95% CI 85.2 to 86.6)). Patients in both cohorts with hypertension were predominantly >50 years old and female. Patients with hypertension were frequently diagnosed with obesity, heart disease, dyslipidaemia and diabetes. Compared with patients without hypertension, patients with hypertension in the COVID-19 diagnosed cohort had more hospitalisations (ranging from 1.3% (95% CI 0.4 to 2.2) to 41.1% (95% CI 39.5 to 42.7) vs from 1.4% (95% CI 0.9 to 1.9) to 15.9% (95% CI 14.9 to 16.9)) and increased mortality (ranging from 0.3% (95% CI 0.1 to 0.5) to 18.5% (95% CI 15.7 to 21.3) vs from 0.2% (95% CI 0.2 to 0.2) to 11.8% (95% CI 10.8 to 12.8)). Patients in the COVID-19 hospitalised cohort with hypertension were more likely to have acute respiratory distress syndrome (ranging from 0.1% (95% CI 0.0 to 0.2) to 65.6% (95% CI 62.5 to 68.7) vs from 0.1% (95% CI 0.0 to 0.2) to 54.7% (95% CI 50.5 to 58.9)), arrhythmia (ranging from 0.5% (95% CI 0.3 to 0.7) to 45.8% (95% CI 42.6 to 49.0) vs from 0.4% (95% CI 0.3 to 0.5) to 36.8% (95% CI 32.7 to 40.9)) and increased mortality (ranging from 1.8% (95% CI 0.4 to 3.2) to 25.1% (95% CI 23.0 to 27.2) vs from 0.7% (95% CI 0.5 to 0.9) to 10.9% (95% CI 10.4 to 11.4)) than patients without hypertension.ConclusionsCOVID-19 patients with hypertension were more likely to suffer severe outcomes, hospitalisations and deaths compared with those without hypertension.

show abstract

Unraveling COVID-19: a large-scale characterization of 4.5 million COVID-19 cases using CHARYBDIS

Cited by 10 publications

References 15 publications

Use of repurposed and adjuvant drugs in hospital patients with covid-19: multinational network cohort study

Use of repurposed and adjuvant drugs in hospital patients with covid-19: multinational network cohort study

Characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients with COPD from the United States, South Korea, and Europe

Characteristics and outcomes of patients with COVID-19 with and without prevalent hypertension: a multinational cohort study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About