Unraveling the Armor of a Killer: Evasion of Host Defenses by African Swine Fever Virus

Reis, Ana Luísa; Netherton, Christopher L.; Dixon, Linda K.

doi:10.1128/jvi.02338-16

Cited by 75 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…However, typical factors such as cell receptors which could explain for this specific pattern of tropism have not yet been identified and elucidated. Detailed mechanisms of how ASFV overcomes 'macrophage barriers' have been reviewed by Reis, Netherton, and Dixon (2017).…”

Section: The Que S T Of Immune E Va S I On Mechanis Ms Could G U Idmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current status and evolving approaches to African swine fever vaccine development

Teklue

Sun

Abid

et al. 2019

Transbound Emerg Dis

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African swine fever (ASF) is a highly lethal haemorrhagic disease of swine caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV), a unique and genetically complex virus. The disease continues to be a huge burden to the pig industry in Africa, Europe and recently in Asia, especially China. The purpose of this review was to recapitulate the current scenarios and evolving trends in ASF vaccine development. The unavailability of an applicable ASF vaccine is partly due to the complex nature of the virus, which encodes various proteins associated with immune evasion. Moreover, the incomplete understanding of immune protection determinants of ASFV hampers the rational vaccine design. Developing an effective ASF vaccine continues to be a challenging task due to many undefined features of ASFV immunobiology. Recent attempts on DNA and live attenuated ASF vaccines have been reported with promising efficacy, and especially live attenuated vaccines have been proved to provide complete homologous protection. Single‐cycle viral vaccines have been developed for various diseases such as Rift Valley fever and bluetongue, and the rational extension of these strategies could be helpful for developing single‐cycle ASF vaccines. Therefore, live attenuated vaccines in short term and single‐cycle vaccines in long term would be the next generation of ASF vaccines.

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Section: The Que S T Of Immune E Va S I On Mechanis Ms Could G U Idmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current status and evolving approaches to African swine fever vaccine development

Teklue

Sun

Abid

et al. 2019

Transbound Emerg Dis

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“…Therefore, we have analyzed our data set using IPA, focused on cell functions and on canonical pathways, so-called because they contain well-established knowledge about specific relationships between groups of proteins. Differentially expressed proteins were involved in different aspects of the host-pathogen interaction (Additional files 5,6,7,8,9,10,11). With respect to functions, inflammatory and immunological disease were functions altered by both virus, but a greater number of proteins involved in these functions were differentially expressed after E75CV1 than E75 infection, at 1 dpi.…”

Section: Functional Analysis Of Differentially Expressed Proteins Aftmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ASF may range from an acute, highly lethal infection to subclinical chronic forms, depending on a complex contribution of viral and host factors [2]. The pig immune response to ASFV has been widely studied [3,4], showing that the virus has effective mechanisms of evading pig defensive systems, thus contributing to the immune pathology observed during acute ASF, and to virus persistence in its hosts [5]. Studies about viruscells interaction have contributed significantly to unravel the mechanisms involved in pig response [3,[6][7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative proteomic analysis reveals different responses in porcine lymph nodes to virulent and attenuated homologous African swine fever virus strains

Herrera-Uribe

Jiménez-Marín

Lacasta

et al. 2018

Vet Res

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African swine fever (ASF) is a pathology of pigs against which there is no treatment or vaccine. Understanding the equilibrium between innate and adaptive protective responses and immune pathology might contribute to the development of strategies against ASFV. Here we compare, using a proteomic approach, the course of the in vivo infection caused by two homologous strains: the virulent E75 and the attenuated E75CV1. Our results show a progressive loss of proteins by day 7 post-infection (pi) with E75, reflecting tissue destruction. Many signal pathways were affected by both infections but in different ways and extensions. Cytoskeletal remodelling and clathrin-endocytosis were affected by both isolates, while a greater number of proteins involved on inflammatory and immunological pathways were altered by E75CV1. 14-3-3 mediated signalling, related to immunity and apoptosis, was inhibited by both isolates. The implication of the Rho GTPases by E75CV1 throughout infection is also evident. Early events reflected the lack of E75 recognition by the immune system, an evasion strategy acquired by the virulent strains, and significant changes at 7 days post-infection (dpi), coinciding with the peak of infection and the time of death. The protein signature at day 31 pi with E75CV1 seems to reflect events observed at 1 dpi, including the upregulation of proteosomal subunits and molecules described as autoantigens (vimentin, HSPB1, enolase and lymphocyte cytosolic protein 1), which allow the speculation that auto-antibodies could contribute to chronic ASFV infections. Therefore, the use of proteomics could help understand ASFV pathogenesis and immune protection, opening new avenues for future research.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s13567-018-0585-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Both, structural and infection‐related proteins can regulate, inhibit and modulate essential and non‐essential mechanisms affecting virus replication, virus particle production and apoptosis. Some of them are based on the inhibition of host transcription factors, the interferon response or several immune cell subsets, to evade host immune system (Reis, Netherton, & Dixon, ; Sánchez, Quintas, Nogal, Castelló, & Revilla, ).…”

Section: Asf Virus Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gaps in African swine fever: Analysis and priorities

Arias¹,

Jurado

Gallardo³

et al. 2017

Transbound Emerg Dis

135

126

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SummaryAfrican swine fever (ASF) causes greater sanitary, social and economic impacts on swine herds than many other swine diseases. Although ASF was first described in 1921 and it has affected more than fifty countries in Africa, Europe and South America, several key issues about its pathogenesis, immune evasion and epidemiology remain uncertain. This article reviews the main characteristics of the causative virus, its molecular epidemiology, natural hosts, clinical features, epidemiology and control worldwide. It also identifies and prioritizes gaps in ASF from a horizontal point of view encompassing fields including molecular biology, epidemiology, prevention, diagnosis and vaccine development. The purpose of this review is to promote ASF research and enhance its control.

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Unraveling the Armor of a Killer: Evasion of Host Defenses by African Swine Fever Virus

Cited by 75 publications

References 21 publications

Current status and evolving approaches to African swine fever vaccine development

Current status and evolving approaches to African swine fever vaccine development

Comparative proteomic analysis reveals different responses in porcine lymph nodes to virulent and attenuated homologous African swine fever virus strains

Gaps in African swine fever: Analysis and priorities

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