<p>Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous population of immature
myeloid cells that play important roles in maintaining immune homeostasis and regulating immune
responses. MDSCs can be divided into two main subsets based on their surface markers and functional
properties: granulocytic MDSCs (G-MDSCs) and monocytic MDSCs (M-MDSCs). Recently greatest
attention has been paid to innate immunity in Multiple Sclerosis (MS), so the aim of our review is
to provide an overview of the main characteristics of MDSCs in MS and its preclinical model by
discussing the most recent data available. The immunosuppressive functions of MDSCs can be
dysregulated in MS, leading to an exacerbation of the autoimmune response and disease progression.
Antigen-specific peptide immunotherapy, which aims to restore tolerance while avoiding the use of
non-specific immunosuppressive drugs, is a promising approach for autoimmune diseases, but the cellular
mechanisms behind successful therapy remain poorly understood. Therefore, targeting MDSCs
could be a promising therapeutic approach for MS. Various strategies for modulating MDSCs have
been investigated, including the use of pharmacological agents, biological agents, and adoptive transfer
of exogenous MDSCs. However, it remained unclear whether MDSCs display any therapeutic potential
in MS and how this therapy could modulate different aspects of the disease. Collectively, all the
described studies revealed a pivotal role for MDSCs in the regulation of MS.</p>