Unraveling the study of liquid smoke from rice husks as a green corrosion inhibitor in mild steel under 1 M HCl

Abstract

The work provides the more comprehensive development of Liquid Smoke from Rice Husks Ash (RHA). Notably, the study focuses on the interaction between the primary molecules of inhibitor and mild steel, including thermodynamic calculation and surface treatment upon addition of inhibitor. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization (PP) characterization were utilized to evaluate the anticorrosion of RHA. The Raman Spectroscopy pre and post-addition of RHA’s inhibitor were used to compare the adsorbed functional group of inhibitors. Moreover, the thermodynamic calculation of the inhibitor’s adsorption determines the types of adsorption of the inhibitor. As a result of the adsorption process, the Scanning Electronic Microscope-Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX) aided by The Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Contact Angle Test was implemented to unveil the surface treatment and the change of elemental composition after the addition of an 80 ppm inhibitor. The PP and EIS results show a significant depression of the current density at ‒2.75 μA·cm2 in 80 ppm solution with the highest inhibition efficiency of 99.82 %. The superior inhibition correlates to the adsorption of Si–OH, C–C, C–O–C, >C=O, complex structure, and –OH at wavenumber 458, 662, 1095, 1780, and 3530 cm-1. The LS shows a significant surface area of protection of 0.9982 and high adsorption constant (Kads) at 11.648. The calculated ΔGads of ‒6.59 kJ/mol unveils the chemisorption in nature. At the same time, a combination of 20 and 80 ppm solution is predicted adsorbed horizontally to reduce the contact between the solution and substrate, as shown in SEM and AFM results. It also increases the contact angle and their corresponding hydrophobicity

Insight on Corrosion Prevention of C1018 in 1.0 M Hydrochloric Acid Using Liquid Smoke of Rice Husk Ash: Electrochemical, Surface Analysis, and Deep Learning Studies

“…Hence, the objective of the paper is to: (i) discuss the inhibition performance of the liquid smoke of RHA on C1018 under an acidic environment; (ii) evaluate the adsorption process related to surface modification, the functional group's identification, and electronic transition; (iii) model the relationship between the electrochemical result and the growth of film thickness using deep learning to quicken the analysis related to the compatibility of the inhibitor under specific conditions. The limitations of this paper include the contribution of RHA major compounds on mild steel C1018 despite multiple derivative molecules that may appear in the FTIR and UV-Vis and have been identified [15]. Moreover, the work excludes the discussion on adsorption isotherm inhibitors since it comprises more than two major compounds.…”

“…The inhibitor solution was prepared using the pyrolysis process, which was published in our previous work [15]. In this study, the aggressive solution of 1 M HCl was prepared from 37 percent of the analytical-grade solution (Merck.…”

“…It is also possible to note that the present work aims to use and harness the potential of RHA as a green corrosion inhibitor to protect C1018 metal in an HCl medium. The RHA has unique properties comprising several essential compounds, such as 2-methyl-phenol and octadecamethylcyclononasiloxane, that contribute to the adsorption process on the surface of metals [15]. In addition, liquid smoke from organic compounds has been recognized for its antioxidant properties [16] due to the presence of phenolics, including carboxyl and alcohol [17], and improves anti-corrosion efficiency.…”

Principles and theories of green chemistry for corrosion science and engineering: design and application

“…The Langmuir adsorption isotherm with a physical nature provided the best fit, and the thermodynamic parameters indicated the endothermic nature of the corrosion process with more organized activated complexes in the presence of lignin compounds. Kaban et al 28 investigated the anti-corrosion behaviour of liquid smoke derived from rice husk ash in a 1 M HCl solution in a separate study. The corrosion tests revealed that the inhibitor acted as a mixed-type inhibitor, achieving the optimal inhibition at 80 ppm and 323 K, displaying an impressive 99% inhibition efficiency.…”

“…The Oslo Convention against Dumping of Wastes at Sea, signed in 1972, and the Paris Convention on Marine Pollution from Land-Based Sources, signed in 1974, were combined and updated to become OSPAR on September 22, 1992. [28][29][30] The bioaccumulation, biodegradability and toxicity of chemical compounds and their effects on the environment and human health can all be evaluated using the recommendations and indices established by these commissions. The effective and lethal concentrations of a chemical compound, which are denoted as EC 50 and LC 50 , respectively, can be used to evaluate the toxicity of the compound before it is utilized as a corrosion inhibitor.…”