Unraveling the Tangle of Pathology: The Effect of Spatially Concentrated Joblessness on the Well-Being of African Americans

Socioeconomic Disadvantage as a Social Determinant of Teen Childbearing in the U.S.

“…12,14 Six studies had occurrence of teen birth as their outcome. 13,23,25,28,31,32 Additionally, one study analyzed the chain of events leading to teen birth among individual women, including the risk of becoming sexually active, the hazard of pregnancy, and the probability of a birth resulting from the first pregnancy.…”

“…12,13 A third study was conducted in Appalachia in counties with predominantly non-Hispanic white (NHW) populations. 22 Two studies included multiple racial/ ethnic groups with the stated purpose of making comparisons; they compared Latina respondents with non-Latina white respondents 23 and black teens with white teens.…”

“…For example, Wilson theorized that, in urban settings, social determinants such as pervasive lack of opportunity set into motion a chain of events that support early motherhood, 10,11 and a large body of work has been conducted to validate and expand upon his theories. [12][13][14][15] Moore et al published an extensive review of the literature on determinants of teen pregnancy and childbearing in 1995, finding that living in a disadvantaged neighborhood and family receipt of welfare benefits were both positively associated with teen birth. On a state level, however, higher Aid to Families with Dependent Children benefit levels were not as predictive of teen birth rates as were poor employment opportunities.…”

Neighborhood Context, Personality, and Stressful Life Events as Predictors of Depression Among African American Women.

“…Two dimensions of neighborhood context have particular relevance to the well-being of African American women: neighborhood economic disadvantage and neighborhood social disorder (Massey & Shibuya, 1995;Wilson, 1996;Woody, 1992). Neighborhood economic disadvantage is indexed by such variables as percentage of residents below the poverty line, unemployment rates, and percentage of singleparent households.…”

Bridges across the Racial Digital Divide: Residential Ecology of Internet Use

“…This finding has received a great deal of attention, because the spatial concentration of poverty is accompanied by an array of social and economic changes that have detrimental implications for those residing there Wilson, 1987;Massey and Shibuya, 1995). The resulting social pathology, which Wilson (1987) called the "concentration effect," typically includes high rates of crime, unemployment, and poor housing conditions.…”