Unravelling the effusive-explosive transitions and the construction of a volcanic cone from geological data: The example of Monte dei Porri, Salina Island (Italy)

Influence of Stress Field Changes on Eruption Initiation and Dynamics: A Review

“…Eruption initiation may be triggered by an increase of P at above the critical value P crit (the magma overpressure required to maintain a conduit open from the magma chamber to the surface) or reduction of σ 3 (after Sulpizio et al, 2016). which is the final formulation of driving vs. resisting forces that drives the transition from no eruption to full on eruption.…”

“…This is especially true when dealing with changing eruptive style in eruptions or eruptive cycles with similar magmatic composition, which do not account for any petrologic or textural trigger of the changing eruptive behavior. For instance, the interplay between magma overpressure and stress acting on the volcanic system was claimed for explaining the eruptive style transitions of Monte dei Porri (Salina Island, Italy; Sulpizio et al, 2016), and effusive eruptions following local stress decrease due to spreading of the volcanic edifice were repeatedly observed at Mount Etna volcano (Borgia et al, 1992;Froger et al, 2001;Lundgren et al, 2004;Neri et al, 2004).…”

“…The contribution of stress lowering to the change of eruptive style can be easily explained using the Equation (12) in the P vs. σ tot space (Figure 9; Sulpizio et al, 2016). It shows how a transition from no-eruption to eruption or from a given eruptive style to another is allowed through the superimposition of internal magmatic pressure (increase of P) and changing in the total stress field (σ t ), defined by the sum of all the defined partial stresses defined early.…”

“…These processes superimpose to the possible local stress variations related to internal dynamics of a volcano, such as pressure increase in the magma chamber due to magma influx from depth or buoyancy induced by magma differentiation processes (Massol and Jaupart, 1999;Gudmundsson, 2006Gudmundsson, , 2016Cañon-Tapia, 2014). Although usually claimed for explaining eruptive style transitions (i.e., from effusive to explosive, or from no-activity to eruption, Hasabe et al, 2001;Adams et al, 2006;Ida, 2007;Di Traglia et al, 2009;Schneider et al, 2012;Ripepe et al, 2013;Kereszturi et al, 2014), the magmatic processes internal to a volcano alone are sometimes not sufficient for equalling the elastic energy due to lithostatic loading (e.g., Gudmundsson, 2016;Sulpizio et al, 2016). In other cases the physical and chemical characteristics of the deposits do not support triggering mechanisms like magma mixing or bubble nucleation.…”

Modelling stress field conditions of the Colima Volcanic Complex (Mexico) integrating FEM simulations and geological data

“…Although, for decades, magma conduits were modelled as cylinders, because of easiness of their mathematical treatment, geophysical data and field observations highlight the importance of dykes in magma transport and hence the need to adopt more realistic geometries (Costa et al, 2009;Hautmann et al, 2013;Tibaldi, 2015). It is important to stress that although all cavities/inclusions in a medium modify the local stress field and concentrate stresses, the induced perturbation depends mainly on the geometry of the cavity/inclusion (Savin, 1961;Boresi and Sidebottom, 1985;Tan, 1994;Saada, 2009). We set the dimensions of feeder dykes in agreement with Massaro et al It is worth noting that it is not the aim of this study to provide the conditions for the magma chamber rupture, being LISA accounting only for the elastic regime.…”