Unravelling the Linkages Between Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Rural Poverty: The WASH Poverty Index

Garriga, Ricard Giné; Foguet, Agustí Pérez

doi:10.1007/s11269-012-0251-6

Cited by 56 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Moreover, the existing tools have been developed to assess WASH performance at the national level (16) and/or may require extensive resources (e.g. time and finance) for data collection (17). A new, affordable measurement tool therefore may be necessary to better identify populations with the least access to WASH resources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring geographic distributions of high-risk water, sanitation, and hygiene practices and their association with child diarrhea in Uganda

Hirai

Roess

Huang

et al. 2016

Global Health Action

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BackgroundHigh-risk water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) practices are still prevalent in most low-income countries. Because of limited access to WASH, children may be put at an increased risk of diarrheal diseases.ObjectivesThis study aims to 1) develop a new measure of WASH-induced burden, the WASH Resource Index (WRI), and estimate its correlation with child diarrhea and an additive index of high-risk WASH practices; 2) explore the geographic distribution of high-risk WASH practices, child diarrhea, and summary indices at the cluster level; and 3) examine the association between the WRI and child diarrhea at the individual level.DesignA sample of 7,019 children from the Uganda Demographic and Health Survey 2011 were included in this study. Principal component analysis was used to develop a WRI, and households were classified as WASH poorest, poorer, middle, richer, and richest. A hot spot analysis was conducted to assess whether and how high-risk WASH practices and child diarrhea were geographically clustered. A potential association between the WRI and child diarrhea was examined through a nested regression analysis.ResultsHigh-risk WASH practices were clustered at geographically distant regions from Kampala. The 2-week prevalence of child diarrhea, however, was concentrated in Eastern and East Central regions where high-risk WASH practices were not prevalent. At the individual level, none of the high-risk WASH practices were significantly associated with child diarrhea. Being in the highest WASH quintile was, however, significantly associated with 24.9% lower prevalence of child diarrhea compared to being in the lowest quintile (p<0.05).ConclusionsOnly a weak association was found between the WRI and child diarrhea in this study. Future research should explore the potential utility of the WRI to examine WASH-induced burden.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring geographic distributions of high-risk water, sanitation, and hygiene practices and their association with child diarrhea in Uganda

Hirai

Roess

Huang

et al. 2016

Global Health Action

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“…And to support prioritization, sub-index values might serve as the basis to rank all districts and establish priorities, where a rank of 1 denotes the 'highest' priority and is assigned to those districts with lowest WPI, SPI and HPI values. A closer analysis -not shown here, see Giné Garriga & Pérez Foguet (2013) -reveals that in the area of intervention WASH poverty is linked to population density and territorial aridity; that is the provision of WASH services in sparsely populated and remote areas remains challenging, and water poverty becomes more severe in arid and semi-arid regions, a problem which will be exacerbated by climate change.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…In this section, an interdisciplinary, WASH-focused approach is adopted through a multidimensional estimate, the WASH Poverty Index (WASH PI), which is proposed by Giné Garriga & Pérez Foguet (2013) to support poverty-alleviation-oriented planning where delivery of water, sanitation and hygiene remains elusive. To do this, the index builds on a combination of three composites that are not aggregated to produce a single value.…”

Section: The Wash Poverty Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Water, sanitation, hygiene and rural poverty: issues of sector monitoring and the role of aggregated indicators

Garriga

Foguet

2013

Water Policy

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Water and sanitation improvements together with hygiene (WASH) are central to health. However, progress in ensuring access to these basic services remains inadequate, particularly in the rural developing world. To remedy this appalling situation, decision-makers need reliable data on which to base planning, targeting and prioritization. However, the challenges of collecting such data and producing consistent evidence are diverse. To influence policy, data have to be easily and meaningfully interpreted. In addition, the evaluation framework needs to capture the complexity inherent in the delivery of rural services. And with limited resources, the neediest must be prioritized. In this paper we compare three different monitoring and evaluation approaches: health impact indicators, standard indicators of the World Health Organization (WHO)/United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP), and one multidimensional, WASH-focused indicator. From a policy-making perspective, the likely utility of the outcomes produced by each approach is discussed. The epidemiological study produces misleading results, which do not help draw relevant conclusions. JMP indicators provide reasonable quality basic estimates of coverage across different contexts, but are inappropriate to build up a complete picture of such context. The index approach takes into account a broader view of service level, and proves useful as a policy tool to guide action towards improved service delivery.

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“…Water, sanitation and hygiene (WaSH) data have been typically collected through different methods (Bostoen, 2002;WaterAid and ODI, 2005; United Nations Children 's Fund, 2006;Jiménez and Pérez-Foguet, 2012;Giné-Garriga et al, 2013). As far as monitoring and evaluating service delivery, the sector has witnessed the development of a variety of approaches (Sullivan et al, 2003;Cohen and Sullivan, 2010;Giné-Garriga and Pérez-Foguet, 2011;Giné-Garriga and Pérez-Foguet, 2013a;Luh et al, 2013;Kayser et al, 2013;Flores-Baquero et al, 2013;Bartram et al, 2014). Ultimately, and regarding data use, important efforts have been made to provide decision-makers with reliable information to support planning, targeting and prioritization, particularly in decentralised contexts (Ghosh and Rao, 1994;Jiménez and Pérez-Foguet, 2011;Giné-Garriga et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SIASAR: a country-led indicator framework for monitoring the rural water and sanitation sector in Latin America and the Caribbean

Requejo-Castro

Giné‐Garriga

Flores-Baquero

et al. 2017

Water Practice and Technology

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The provision of water supply, sanitation and hygiene services has emerged as a top priority in the development agenda in Latin American and the Caribbean. In light of the investments envisaged to reach the targets set by the sustainable development goals, information systems will play a key role in improving decision-making. In this context, this article introduces a country-led and global IS, which has been increasingly implemented in numerous countries across Latin America and the Caribbean as a policy instrument to support national and local decision-making: the Rural Water and Sanitation Information System (SIASAR). SIASAR includes a comprehensive framework for data collection, analysis and dissemination that simultaneously fulfils different stakeholder needs. This article analyses these three key monitoring issues from the viewpoint of stakeholder involvement. Our results indicate that SIASAR represents a suitable monitoring framework to analyse sustainable services and the level of service delivered. Additionally, we highlighted some of the advantages of adopting a continued participatory approach in system development, including: (i) the stimulation of experience exchange and knowledge sharing between recipient countries; (ii) the promotion of learning-by-doing; and (iii) an increase of regional understanding, collaboration and comparisons.

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Unravelling the Linkages Between Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Rural Poverty: The WASH Poverty Index

Cited by 56 publications

References 15 publications

Exploring geographic distributions of high-risk water, sanitation, and hygiene practices and their association with child diarrhea in Uganda

Exploring geographic distributions of high-risk water, sanitation, and hygiene practices and their association with child diarrhea in Uganda

Water, sanitation, hygiene and rural poverty: issues of sector monitoring and the role of aggregated indicators

SIASAR: a country-led indicator framework for monitoring the rural water and sanitation sector in Latin America and the Caribbean

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