Unravelling the Phytochemical and Pharmacognosy Contour of Traditional Medicinal Plant: Pterocarpus Marsupium Roxb

Abstract

_Pterocarpus marsupium_ Roxb is a traditional medicinal plant commonly acknowledged as “Vengai” and has a long history of usage in tropical and subtropical regions for a variety of purposes in treating several human diseases. Over the years, a lot of commercial and medicinal researchers have focused on resources from various herbs. Extraction and fractionation of this plant have highlighted the presence of alkaloids, proteins, carbohydrates, coumarins, gums, mucilage, fixed oils, anthraquinone glycosides, saponin glycosides, tannins, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds. Several investigational studies have demonstrated that this plant has various pharmacological activities such as analgesic, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, hepatoprotective, anti-microbial, anti-bacterial, anti-diarrhoeal, memory-enhancing activity, antioxidant, and anti-hyperlipidaemic. It is used alone or with other medicinal plants to provide enhanced therapeutic efficacy for treating various ailments. Our present review is an attempt to unite its phytoconstituents and its pharmacological activities such as antidiabetic, antioxidant, antibacterial, antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, memory-enhancing activity, hepatoprotective, and antihyperlipidaemic activity. In the near future, further investigational studies are needed to isolate and characterize the bioactive compounds present as lead molecules in drug discovery research.