Unrecognized HIV Infection Among Patients Attending Sexually Transmitted Disease Clinics

Weinstock, Hillard; Dale, Monica; Linley, Laurie; Gwinn, Marta

doi:10.2105/ajph.92.2.280

Cited by 57 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Weinhardt demonstrated increased self-perception of risk after a detailed sexual behavioral interview, suggesting increased motivation for subsequent behavioral change [10], including VCT. However, Weinstock found that STD clinic patients not tested for HIV were more likely to be positive, suggesting those at highest risk avoid voluntary testing [11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV Prevention Education and Testing among Youth: Is There a Correlation?

Straub

Pomputius

Boyer

et al. 2007

Journal of Adolescent Health

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV Prevention Education and Testing among Youth: Is There a Correlation?

Straub

Pomputius

Boyer

et al. 2007

Journal of Adolescent Health

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“…1 Although African Americans represent 13% of the U.S. population, they account for approximately 45% of new HIV infections, and the rate of HIV infection among African Americans is seven times that of white Americans. 1 Individuals who do not know their HIV status may unknowingly transmit the virus [2][3][4][5][6] ; more than half of new infections in the United States are spread by HIV-positive individuals who do not know they are infected. 7,8 Several studies have found that knowing one's HIV status can lead to a reduction in highrisk sexual behavior.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Perceived Risk and High HIV Prevalence Among a Predominantly African American Population Participating in Philadelphia's Rapid HIV Testing Program

Nunn

Zaller

Cornwall

et al. 2011

AIDS Patient Care and STDs

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African Americans are disproportionately infected with HIV/AIDS. Despite Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines recommending routine opt-out testing for HIV, most HIV screening is based on selfperceived HIV risks. Philadelphia launched a rapid HIV testing program in seven public health clinics in 2007. The program provides free rapid oral HIV tests to all patients presenting for health services who provide informed consent. We analyzed demographic, risk behavior, and HIV serostatus data collected during the program between September 2007 and January 2009. We used multivariable logistic regression to estimate the association between behavioral and demographic factors and newly diagnosed HIV infection. Of the 5871 individuals testing for HIV, 47% were male, 88% were African American, and the mean age was 34.7 years. Overall HIV prevalence was 1.1%. All positive tests represented new HIV diagnoses, and 72% of individuals reported testing previously. Approximately 90% of HIV-positive individuals and 92% of individuals with more than five recent sex partners never, or only sometimes, used condoms.

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“…26 For example, in order to differentiate themselves from high-risk groups, some individuals underestimate their risk of contracting a stigmatized illness, such as HIV or other sexually transmitted diseases. 27 The underestimation of perceived risk often translates into lower rates of testing and treatment for stigmatized conditions, and poses a significant barrier to preventative behaviors. 28 A growing body of research throughout the world indicates that greater HIVrelated prejudice (i.e., ''People who have AIDS are dirty'' ''I do not want to be friends with someone who has AIDS'') is associated with decreased HIV testing rates.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Anticipated HIV Stigma on Delays in HIV Testing Behaviors: Findings from a Community-Based Sample of Men Who Have Sex with Men and Transgender Women in New York City

Golub

Gamarel

2013

AIDS Patient Care and STDs

251

206

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Treatment as prevention (TaSP) is a critical component of biomedical interventions to prevent HIV transmission. However, its success is predicated on testing and identifying undiagnosed individuals to ensure linkage and retention in HIV care. Research has examined the impact of HIV-associated stigma on HIV-positive individuals, but little work has explored how anticipated HIV stigma-the expectation of rejection or discrimination against by others in the event of seroconversion-may serve as a barrier to HIV testing behaviors. This study examined the association between anticipated stigma and HIV testing behaviors among a sample of 305 men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women living in New York City. Participants' mean age was 33.0; 65.5% were racial/ethnic minority; and 50.2% earned < $20,000 per year.

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Unrecognized HIV Infection Among Patients Attending Sexually Transmitted Disease Clinics

Abstract: HIV infection is unrecognized in substantial numbers of patients with HIV infection visiting STD clinics. Efforts are needed to increase HIV testing and counseling of all patients visiting these clinics.

Cited by 57 publications

References 12 publications

HIV Prevention Education and Testing among Youth: Is There a Correlation?

HIV Prevention Education and Testing among Youth: Is There a Correlation?

Low Perceived Risk and High HIV Prevalence Among a Predominantly African American Population Participating in Philadelphia's Rapid HIV Testing Program

The Impact of Anticipated HIV Stigma on Delays in HIV Testing Behaviors: Findings from a Community-Based Sample of Men Who Have Sex with Men and Transgender Women in New York City

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