Unrecognized risks of nickel-related respiratory cancer among Canadian electrolysis workers

Occupational and Environmental Causes of Lung Cancer

“…The IARC’s position is further supported by a recent study by Grimsrud and Andersen 137 who assert that the claimed absence of nickel-related respiratory cancer among electrolysis workers resulted from “an arbitrary overemphasis of biased and inconclusive findings” by some researchers. 135 Another recent case-control study performed in Italy 138 that used a lifetime job exposure matrix, estimated an OR of 1.18 (95% CI 0.90–1.53) among workers with relatively low exposures of combined nickel-chromium exposure (eg, metal mechanics).…”

“…A long-standing controversy not addressed in a substantive manner by the IARC 137 is whether the risk of lung cancer is associated with asbestos exposure alone and/or asbestosis. 14,143 The 2009 IARC working group concluded that all forms of asbestos cause lung cancer, 144 however, while acknowledging that controversies remain regarding the potency differences for fibers of different types (eg, low potency of chrysotile versus high potency of amphiboles) 145–147 and dimensions (eg, lower potency of shorter and wider fibers versus higher potency of thinner and longer fibers).…”

Survival After Surgical Resection for Lung Cancer in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

“…However, other factors have also been described to increase the risk for lung cancer [10]. Environmental exposures include occupational exposure to asbestos and water-soluble nickel salts [11,12]. Studies have also shown lung cancer to be associated with exposure to ionizing radiation in areas where environmental exposure to radon is common [13,14].…”

Nickel Nanoparticles Exposure and Reproductive Toxicity in Healthy Adult Rats

“…Epidemiological studies have indicated that occupational exposure to nickel increased the incidence of some human cancers, such as lung, head, neck and nasal cancers, and so forth [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ]. Nickel compounds have long been classified as human carcinogens according to the International Agency for Research on Cancer [ 27 , 28 ]. Furthermore, excessive nickel micro-particles (Ni MPs) can induce reproductive toxicity.…”