Unrepeatered transmission over 415 km at 2.5 Gbit/swith Raman gain and +26.5 dBm launch power

Guild, K.; Webb, S.; Sian, S.S.

doi:10.1049/el:19961404

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Distributed Raman Pre-amplification (Dra)1

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Cited by 9 publications

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“…While the Raman effect has been studied since the early 1960s, the first laboratory experiments for long unrepeatered transmissions have been reported in 1996 [30,31]. The first industrial implementation of unrepeatered-DRA took place in the Hydro-Quebec cable system in early 2000.…”

Section: Distributed Raman Pre-amplification (Dra)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Submarine cable networks

Gautheron¹,

Suyama

2003

Comptes Rendus. Physique

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The wavelength division multiplexing technique enabled to increase drastically the transmission capacity per fiber over trans-Atlantic distances: from 1 × 5 Gbit/s in 1995, the figure increases up to 42 × 10 Gbit/s in 2001 and today, transmission systems providing up to 160 × 10 Gbit/s are under development. This evolution results mainly from the optical amplification bandwidth increase and the reduction of the spectral variation of the fiber chromatic dispersion. In un-repeatered submarine system, the distributed Raman amplification has been a key technology enabling a 160 ×10 Gbit/s transmission over a 380 km single fiber.

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Section: Distributed Raman Pre-amplification (Dra)mentioning

confidence: 99%