Unsteady‐ and steady‐state gas permeation through active packaging walls

Felice, Renzo Di; Cazzola, Daniela; Garbero, M.; Ottonello, Piero

doi:10.1002/pts.786

Cited by 4 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…This correction would result in larger˚val-ues for both Cu 2+ experiments than for all 1,2,4-TCB experiments. A large˚explains the lag time-lengthening behavior observed in Cu 2+ experiments [46].…”

Section: Factors Controlling Cu 2+ Sorption and Diffusion In Pvamentioning

confidence: 98%

“…4a is also considered. Typically, Damköhler numbers should be above 0.01 for any visible barrier improvements with the addition of an active scavenger and above 100 to show increased lag time-type behavior [46]. The values in Table 2 are relative numbers based on relative kinetic data, however, so the absolute values of˚reported in Table 2 cannot be compared to this theoretical range.…”

Section: Factors Controlling 124-tcb Sorption and Diffusion In Pvamentioning

confidence: 98%

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Barrier properties of poly(vinyl alcohol) membranes containing carbon nanotubes or activated carbon

Surdo

Khan

Choudhury

et al. 2011

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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Section: Factors Controlling Cu 2+ Sorption and Diffusion In Pvamentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Factors Controlling 124-tcb Sorption and Diffusion In Pvamentioning

confidence: 98%

Barrier properties of poly(vinyl alcohol) membranes containing carbon nanotubes or activated carbon

Surdo

Khan

Choudhury

et al. 2011

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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“…The transient response time is also negligible, for a typical bottle being of the order of a day or two at the most, 12 thereby yielding the well-known result of a linear concentration profi le across the wall, and a corresponding gas fl ux given by:…”

Section: Bottles Of Pure Petmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where l is the axial draw ratio. It has been shown that transient periods also remain small in these cases, 12 so that Equation 8 can still be used, but with the appropriately modifi ed permeability value, as given by Equation 11.…”

Section: Bottles Of Pet Plus a Passive Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sensitivity of the predictions on the value of the physical parameters has not been explicitly tackled here as it was one of the main objectives of a previous work. 12 It was shown there, for example, in the case of active protection, the importance of the dimensionless parameter F, as defi ned in Equation 18, on the gas permeating fl ux. The numerical routine specifi cally used here makes use of some simplifying assumptions (such as uniform bottle wall thickness and characteristics or negligible gas permeation through the bottle cap), because the experimental set-up allowed such simplifi cations.…”

Section: Packaging Technology and Sciencementioning

confidence: 99%

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Oxygen permeation in PET bottles with passive and active walls

Felice

Cazzola

Cobror³

et al. 2008

Packag Technol Sci

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The aim of this paper is to provide a framework, whereby gas permeation rates through plastic packaging walls, and hence, food shelf life may be estimated. Although the approach is quite general, specifi c attention is given to the case of liquid-fi lled polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles with oxygen as the permeating gas.Two situations are considered: when the walls simply provide a passive resistance to the fl ux (as is the case for standard PET or PET blended with some other low permeability material) and when an active gas scavenger is incorporated within the boundary material.For the passive wall, permeability data relative to oxygen have been collected from literature sources and also measured using specifi c oxygen transmission rate experiments. For the active walls, scavenger kinetic constants were estimated from data obtained using test bottles prepared with varying scavenger concentrations. Numerical predictions in both cases have been verifi ed by comparison with data on gas concentration in water-fi lled bottles maintained under controlled conditions for periods of up to 6 months.

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Compensation of Pinhole Defects in Food Packages by Application of Iron‐based Oxygen Scavenging Multilayer Films

et al. 2012

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To protect sensitive food products from oxidative deterioration, multilayer barrier film systems and also modified atmosphere packaging are widely applied. However, the preservation of food quality in such packaging systems may be compromised by the presence of defects in the sealing layer of the films, especially when these are below a critical size, typically the detection limit of standard leak testers of 10 mm. The addition of an oxygen scavenger (OS) layer in barrier film structures could therefore provide extended protection against O 2 penetration through such defects.In this study, O 2 absorption of different multilayer film structures including an iron-based OS were investigated under defined gas atmospheres. Measurement cells were thereby covered with plastic films of defined O 2 permeability to simulate conditions in a food package during storage with pinhole defect sizes of 10 and 17 mm. The results indicated that the OS film structures applied could only compensate for a defect size of 10 mm in the sealing layer. Analysis of the O 2 absorption of different multilayer film structures at 85% and 100% relative humidity showed that higher humidity accelerates the activation of the scavenger. After full activation, the scavenger kinetics are the same for 85% and 100% relative humidity.Long-term storage experiments using the most effective film structure from the preliminary experiments were carried out to compare O 2 absorption of a snack food product in packages with and without an OS. The analyzed linear gradient of the reaction of the OS film and food product, respectively, indicated first-order reaction kinetics with corresponding reaction constants calculated to be K (food product) 0.021 mg (O 2 ) mbar (O 2 ) À1 day À1 and K (OS film) 0.066 mg (O 2 ) mbar (O 2 ) À1 day À1 . The reaction velocity of the OS was thus three times faster than that of the food. The applicability of OS multilayer film systems to compensate a critical pinhole defect size of 10 mm for sensitive food products could therefore be confirmed. The measurement of quality parameters for the status of lipid oxidation processes would help to verify this result.

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Unsteady‐ and steady‐state gas permeation through active packaging walls

Cited by 4 publications

References 12 publications

Barrier properties of poly(vinyl alcohol) membranes containing carbon nanotubes or activated carbon

Barrier properties of poly(vinyl alcohol) membranes containing carbon nanotubes or activated carbon

Oxygen permeation in PET bottles with passive and active walls

Compensation of Pinhole Defects in Food Packages by Application of Iron‐based Oxygen Scavenging Multilayer Films

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