Unsteady penetration of a target by a liquid jet

Uth, T.; Deshpande, V.S.

doi:10.1073/pnas.1315130110

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Surprisingly, Lundberg's study [14] found that when the cover plate was fixed to the lateral confining tube, the effect of radial flow might be enhanced. However, only a small amount of the literature [15,16] has discussed the role of radial flow up to now. Zhai et al [17] showed that with a fixed cover plate, the DOP was reduced by 10% compared to that with a free plate, but a further explanation for this phenomenon was not provided.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Cover Plate on the Ballistic Performance of Ceramic Armor

Sun

Cao

et al. 2020

Materials

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The interface defeat and dwell can effectively improve the ballistic performance of ceramic armors under high velocity impact of long rod projectiles. Confinement conditions along both axial and radial directions of ceramic armors can affect these behaviors. With the aim of giving an insight into the effect of cover plate thickness and connection mode of cover plates with confining tubes on these behaviors, numerical simulations were performed in which the confined silicon carbide (SiC) targets with cover plates were impacted by tungsten rods. The pressure on the surfaces of SiC targets with fixed cover plates are compared to that with free cover plates, showing that the plates fixed with the confining tubes can produce higher pressure by way of wedging. With the increase in cover plate thickness, the dwell duration of the tungsten rods on the ceramic interface gradually grows. In addition, the upper and lower limits of transition impact velocities for the SiC targets with cover plates in different connection modes (i.e., free or fixed) were obtained and analyzed. The results show that the increase rate of the transition velocity region for the cover plate with the fixed-mode is relatively stable and lower than with the free-mode. On this basis, the fixed cover plate contributes higher ballistic performances to the SiC target than the free cover plate. It is also noteworthy that the size of transition velocity region does not enlarge linearly with the increase in cover plate thickness due to the slow growth of the upper limit. Accordingly, thickness thresholds exist, which are 5 mm and 6 mm for the fixed and free cover plates, respectively. Considering the ballistic performance and economy, the cover plate with the thickness ranging from 3 mm to 5 mm, i.e., 1.5~2.5 times of the tungsten rod diameter, is ideal for the structural dimensions in this paper.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Cover Plate on the Ballistic Performance of Ceramic Armor

Sun

Cao

et al. 2020

Materials

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“…The problem is coupled through the fluid/structure interaction, and the rate of penetration will be affected by this coupling. Experimental investigation of this type of penetration was undertaken by Uth and Deshpande [12]. They observed that deformation of the target interface caused backflow of the jet, which then increased the force exerted on the target and thereby the penetration rate.…”

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confidence: 99%

Cratering of a solid body due to liquid impact

Semënov

2016

J Eng Math

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An impact between a high-speed liquid and a solid body leading to cratering during the impact is considered. The problem formulation is presented within the framework of a self-similar velocity potential flow for a liquid wedge impacting the solid wall. A linear constitutive relation is adopted, which links the speed of cratering with the pressure and shear stresses. The solution procedure is based on the integral hodograph method. It converts the boundary-value problem for the complex potential in the fluid domain into a system of integral equations which are solved using the method of successive approximations. The obtained solution is used to investigate the cratering mechanics during the impact. The results are presented in terms of the interface shape, the free surface shape, streamline patterns and pressure distribution along the interface.

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“…Anderson Jr et al [115], based on corroborative experiments showing uncertainty interval for dwell-penetration transition velocity for borosilicate glass, stated that transition from dwell to penetration is an unstable process, analogous to BLV experiments. This unstbale process can be attributed to the unsteady fluid-structure interaction (FSI) mechanism proposed by Uth and Deshpande [114], described above.…”

Section: Backflow Of the Projectile Materialsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Uth and Deshpande [114] recently, conducted an experimental work, seeking the fluidstructure interaction of a liquid jet on a deformable target. They proposed and experimentally proved that impact of a jet of V 0 impact velocity, as shown in Uth and Deshpande [114] concluded that in impact of long rod heavy metal projectiles onto ceramic targets, since a depth of penetration, like δ shown in Figure 2.8 (b), into the ceramic material, is needed before establishment of the backflow of the projectile material, ceramic materials due to their brittle nature inevitably experience damage accumulation before occurrence of the backflow and unsteady penetration.…”

Section: Backflow Of the Projectile Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is shown that pressure below and near to the impact site of the confined ceramic target at the locations where damage initiates is important in the transition behavior from dwell to penetration for targets of various pre-stress states and of different pre-stress ratios. [110] .............. 30 Figure 2.7 Different forms of damages under the impact site of the polished SiC cross section recovered from impact of long rod tungsten projectile: (a) of 3.175 mm diameter and 1149 m/s impact velocity [111] and (b) 6.35 mm and 1600 m/s impact velocity [112] [114] in impact of a fluid jet with velocity V 0 : (a) during the initial stages of the jet impact, the target surface is flat and the fluid spreads laterally and (b) as the jet deforms the target and penetrates a depth of δ into the target, it creates a dimple at the impact site; from the work of Uth and Deshpande [114] 6.7 Original projectile and the one at the end of the impact obtained from the impact experiments performed by Reijer [23] using blunt projectile of different impact velocities (V 0 ) onto high purity alumina-aluminum alloy 6061-T6 armor composed of fixed 8.1 mm front plate thickness (T 1 ) and different backing plate thicknesses (T 2 ) .. 119 Figure 6.8 Comparison of the results obtained from current model and experimental measurements [166] for blunt projectile impact with different velocities on high purity alumina-aluminum alloy 6061-T6 armor composed of 8.1 mm front plate thickness and backing plate thickness of: Wilkins [162] reported by Anderson Jr and Walker [25] Table 2.1 Projectile characteristics [13] 3.1 Comparison of the current simulation results, for 20 mm APDS impacting bilayer alumina-aluminum armors, with experimental results [16] ................................. 36 Table 3.2 JH-2 material constants for Al 2 O 3 99.5% in the simulations [31] ................. 38 Table 3.3 Material constants for tungsten alloy and aluminum 5083-H116 [38,122] ... 38 Table 3.4 Constants of Lambert-Jonas equation [65] (Eq. (2.22)) obtained in the current work for curve fitting in Figure 3 [138,…”

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confidence: 99%

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Modelling and analysis of bi-layer ceramic–metal protective structures

Serjouei¹

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Technical ceramics due to their high specific hardness and compressive strength under pressure loading are attractive materials for armor structures. However, the low toughness of the ceramics is limiting their usage in practical designs. Adding a strong and tough plate at the back of the ceramic plate such as metal or polymer composite laminate, is one of the states of the art armor design that is extensively studied by researchers. Due to the cost of field experiments in defense industry, development of analytical, numerical/empirical models to estimate the ballistic velocity of armor systems by considering geometry of the projectile and target structure is gaining importance. Optimization of the armor design for either weight or thickness is also an important criterion. Furthermore, improving the toughness of the ceramic employing different means like adding metallic phases or pre-stressing them is of considerable interest.In the present thesis, a semi-analytical model is presented for impact of flat-ended (blunt) hard projectiles against ceramic-metal armor. Comprehensive numerical simulations are performed based on which it is shown that the projectile residual velocity and BLV satisfy the replica scaling laws. An empirical equation for the BLV is proposed whereby the influence of projectile and armor geometrical parameters on the BLV is explored.Experimental work is performed for validating the proposed semi-analytical model on alumina-aluminum armor system. A numerical model is then developed through matching with experimental results based on which variation of the length of the projectile with time and also with front plate and backing plate thicknesses is found.A generalized empirical model to estimate the BLV, as a function of geometrical and material parameters for ceramic-metal bi-layer armor systems impacted by a blunt projectile, is proposed. Comparison between results obtained from the empirical model for the BLV of ceramic-metal armor impacted by blunt projectiles, with the available experimental data is carried out.

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Unsteady penetration of a target by a liquid jet

Cited by 19 publications

References 18 publications

Effect of Cover Plate on the Ballistic Performance of Ceramic Armor

Effect of Cover Plate on the Ballistic Performance of Ceramic Armor

Cratering of a solid body due to liquid impact

Modelling and analysis of bi-layer ceramic–metal protective structures

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