Untangling the Anagyrus pseudococci species complex (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), parasitoids of worldwide importance for biological control of mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae): Genetic data corroborates separation of two new, previously misidentified species

Andreason, Sharon A.; Triapitsyn, Serguei V.; Perring, Thomas M.

doi:10.1016/j.biocontrol.2018.09.010

Cited by 19 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…On the other hand, this may represent a relative risk of high likelihood of non-target effects if the insect needs to be introduced in regions where it is not native [28,29]. However, since A. vladimiri is naturally present in many fruit-producing regions worldwide [11,12], mass releases may boost the local population of the parasitoid, positively enhancing IPM and biocontrol programs. This is confirmed by our results, as well as by other papers where this encyrtid has been evaluated against various mealybugs, e.g., P. ficus, Planococcus citri (Risso), Pseudococcus calceolariae (Maskell), Pseudococcus viburni (Signoret), and Phenacoccus peruvianus Granara de Willink (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) [30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An earlier study aimed at defining the complex of P. comstocki parasitoids in Italy includes two other species, Acerophagus maculipennis (Mercet) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) and Anagyrus sp. near pseudococci (Girault) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), recently re-described as Anagyrus vladimiri Triapitsyn [4,11]. The latter is widely known for its efficacy against other important mealybug species, such as the grapevine mealybug, Planococcus ficus (Signoret) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), which recently led to its wide-scale adoption in more than 800 hectares of high-valued organic vineyards (i.e., Bolgheri area, Tuscany, Italy) [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Old Parasitoids for New Mealybugs: Host Location Behavior and Parasitization Efficacy of Anagyrus vladimiri on Pseudococcus comstocki

Ricciardi

Zeni

Michelotti

et al. 2021

Insects

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The Comstock mealybug, Pseudococcus comstocki (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is a primary pest of orchards in the North and Northwest of China. This pest appeared recently in Europe, including Italy, where it is infesting mainly vineyards as well as apple and pear orchards. The present study investigated the efficacy of Anagyrus vladimiri, a known biological control agent (BCA) of Planococcus ficus, on P. comstocki to evaluate a potential use for the management of this new pest. No-choice tests were conducted to quantify the parasitoid behavior against P. ficus and P. comstocki. The parasitoid successfully parasitized both species (parasitization rate: 51% and 67% on P. comstocki and P. ficus, respectively). The A.vladimiri developmental time (19.67 ± 1.12 vs. 19.70 ± 1.07 days), sex ratio (1.16 ± 1.12 vs. 1.58 ± 1.07) and hind tibia length of the progeny showed no differences when P. comstocki and P. ficus, respectively, were exploited as hosts. Two-choice tests, conducted by providing the parasitoid with a mixed population of P. ficus and P. comstocki, showed no host preference for either of the two mealybug species (23 vs. 27 first choices on P. comstocki and P. ficus, respectively). The parasitization rate (61.5% and 64.5% in P. comstocki and P. ficus, respectively) did not differ between the two hosts. Overall, our study adds basic knowledge on parasitoid behavior and host preferences and confirms the use of this economically important encyrtid species as an effective BCA against the invasive Comstock mealybug.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Old Parasitoids for New Mealybugs: Host Location Behavior and Parasitization Efficacy of Anagyrus vladimiri on Pseudococcus comstocki

Ricciardi

Zeni

Michelotti

et al. 2021

Insects

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“…The main parasitic wasp of P. citri is the native encyrtid parasitic wasp Anagyrus vladimiri Triapitsyn (formerly known as Anagyrus sp. near pseudococci (Girault)) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) [29]. This synovigenic and solitary endoparasitoid is attacked by ants attending mealybugs [7,9].…”

Section: (A) the Study Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parasitic wasps avoid ant-protected hemipteran hosts via the detection of ant cuticular hydrocarbons

et al. 2021

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One of the most studied and best-known mutualistic relationships between insects is that between ants and phloem-feeding insects. Ants feed on honeydew excreted by phloem-feeding insects and, in exchange, attack the phloem feeders' natural enemies, including parasitic wasps. However, parasitic wasps are under selection to exploit information on hazards and avoid them. Here, we tested whether parasitic wasps detect the previous presence of ants attending colonies of phloem feeders. Behavioural assays demonstrate that wasps left colonies previously attended by ants more frequently than control colonies. This behaviour has a potential cost for the parasitic wasp as females inserted their ovipositor in fewer hosts per colony. In a further bioassay, wasps spent less time on papers impregnated with extracts of the ant cues than on control papers. Gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry analyses demonstrated that ants left a blend of cuticular hydrocarbons when they attended colonies of phloem feeders. These cuticular hydrocarbons are deposited passively when ants search for food. Overall, these results suggest, for the first time, that parasitic wasps of honeydew producers detect the previous presence of mutualistic ants through contact infochemicals. We anticipate such interactions to be widespread and to have implications in numerous ecosystems, as phloem feeders are usually tended by ants.

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“…Spirotetramat is safe to Anagyrus sp. near pseudococci sensu Triapitsyn et al (recently renamed Anagyrus vladimiri (Triapitsyn) [37]) as it did not show any adverse effect on the reproduction of this parasitoid species [68]. It also has been shown to be harmless to Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor) and Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot ([63]) but had severe effects on the reproduction of Galendromus occidentalis (Nesbitt) [65] and it adversely affected all growth stages and fecundity of Neoseiulus fallacis (Garman) [69].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pink hibiscus mealybug was detected further north in the Coachella Valley (Riverside Co., CA, USA) in 2009 and slowly spread northward until 2014 when it was found to be widespread on landscape plants in the urban areas from Indian Wells to Palm Springs. To address this problem, we initiated a biological control program in which we released Anagyrus callidus Triapitsyn, Andreason & Perring (originally thought to be A. kamali but described as a new species [37]) and G. indica .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lethal and Sub-Lethal Effects of Insecticides on the Pink Hibiscus Mealybug, Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)

Ganjisaffar

Andreason

Perring

2019

Insects

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The pink hibiscus mealybug, Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is a pest of many plants, and a new problem on dates in California. The effects of seven insecticides and water on different life stages of this mealybug were studied to identify the best material for control. Water did not have any significant effect on mealybugs, but the insecticide treatments significantly affected all life stages tested. The egg hatch rate ranged from 28.5% to 17.2% for spirotetramat, bifenthrin, flupyradifurone, fenpropathrin, and buprofezin treatments, and was lower for sulfoxaflor (2.8%) and acetamiprid (0.1%). Despite high survival of neonate crawlers in the non-treated control and water treatments, 53.1% and 34.6% survived in the spirotetramat and buprofezin treatments, respectively; survival was zero in the other treatments. Spirotetramat and buprofezin caused very low mortality of nymphs in the first day post-treatment, but mortality significantly increased over time and reached 42.8% and 50.6% by day 6, respectively. The other treatments were highly toxic to the nymphs (79.4–99.4% on day 6). Insecticides also had a significant effect on the feeding ability of nymphs. By day 6 after treatment, 73.9% to 100% of nymphs treated with different insecticides stopped feeding although they were still alive. Insecticides showed no effect on the mortality of adult females, but the percentages of ovipositing females were significantly reduced (51.1% to 10.6%) in all insecticide treatments, except buprofezin, which was not statistically different from water and the non-treated control. In the process of our studies, we identified abnormalities in the appearance of eggs from females treated with various insecticides, and these aberrant eggs are described.

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Untangling the Anagyrus pseudococci species complex (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), parasitoids of worldwide importance for biological control of mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae): Genetic data corroborates separation of two new, previously misidentified species

Cited by 19 publications

References 26 publications

Old Parasitoids for New Mealybugs: Host Location Behavior and Parasitization Efficacy of Anagyrus vladimiri on Pseudococcus comstocki

Old Parasitoids for New Mealybugs: Host Location Behavior and Parasitization Efficacy of Anagyrus vladimiri on Pseudococcus comstocki

Parasitic wasps avoid ant-protected hemipteran hosts via the detection of ant cuticular hydrocarbons

Lethal and Sub-Lethal Effects of Insecticides on the Pink Hibiscus Mealybug, Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)

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