Untargeted approach for the evaluation of anthropic impact on the sheltered marine area of Portofino (Italy)

Carro, Marina Di; Magi, Emanuele; Massa, Francesco; Castellano, Michela; Mirasole, Cristiana; Tanwar, Shivani; Olivari, Enrico; Pedrini, Paolo

doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.03.059

Cited by 25 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Furthermore, Lucrezi et al [107] illustrate the contribution of scuba divers in the management of protected marine areas and, again, Lucrezi et al [107] pinpoints the correct balance between scuba diving activities and environmental sustainability. Saayman and Saayman [108] discuss the economic benefits resulting from scuba diving in protected marine areas, and Di Carro [109] describes an approach for assessing human impact on the Portofino protected marine area. Finally, Markantonatou et al [110] develops a study on social networks and the flow of information for responsible and sustainable planning in the Portofino protected marine area.…”

Section: Geosites Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bridging Terrestrial and Marine Geoheritage: Assessing Geosites in Portofino Natural Park (Italy)

Coratza

Vandelli

Fiorentini

et al. 2019

Water

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Interest in geoheritage research has grown over the past 25 years and several countries have issued laws to encourage improvement and conservation. Investigations on geosites are prevalently carried out on land environments, although the study of underwater marine environments is also of paramount scientific importance. Nevertheless, due to the constraints of underwater environments, these sites have been little explored, also on account of the higher costs and difficulties of surveying. This research has identified and assessed the terrestrial and marine geosites of the Portofino Natural Park and Protected Marine Area, which are internationally famous owing to both the land scenic features and the quality of the marine ecosystem. The goal was to pinpoint the most suitable sites for tourist improvement and fruition and identify possible connections between the two environments. In all, 28 terrestrial sites and 27 marine sites have been identified and their scientific value as well as their ecological, cultural, and aesthetic importance has been assessed. In addition, accessibility, services, and economic potential of geosites has also been taken into account. Both the updated database of terrestrial and marine geosites in the Portofino protected areas and the assessment procedure adopted can become useful tools for the managers of these sites and provide decision-makers with possible strategies for tourist development.

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Section: Geosites Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bridging Terrestrial and Marine Geoheritage: Assessing Geosites in Portofino Natural Park (Italy)

Coratza

Vandelli

Fiorentini

et al. 2019

Water

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“…For a more comprehensive chemical impact assessment of our environment, suspect screening and nontarget screening (NTS) are used in combination with target analyses [2,6]. The identification of unknown compounds in an NTS workflow is usually made by comparing experimental mass spectra with MS-libraries such as NIST for GC-MS with electron ionisation [7]. An adequate chromatographic resolution that provides mass spectra of the unidentified peaks free of chemical interferences is key to increase the reliability of the spectral matching.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GC × GC–HRMS nontarget fingerprinting of organic micropollutants in urban freshwater sediments

2020

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Background: Sediments are sinks for organic micropollutants, which are traditionally analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Although GC-MS and GC-tandem MS (MS/MS) are preferred for target screening, they provide only limited chromatographic resolution for nontarget screening. In this study, a comprehensive twodimensional GC-high-resolution MS method (GC × GC-HRMS) was developed for nontarget screening and source identification of organic micropollutants in sediments from an urban channel and adjacent lake in Copenhagen, Denmark. The GC × GC-HRMS data were processed by pixel-based chemometric analysis using baseline subtraction, alignment, normalisation, and scaling before principal component analysis (PCA) of the pre-processed GC × GC-HRMS base peak ion chromatograms (BPCs). The analysis was performed to identify organic micropollutants of high abundance and relevance in the urban sediments and to identify pollution sources. Tentative identifications were based on match factors and retention indices and tagged according to the level of identification confidence. Results: The channel contained both a significantly higher abundance of micropollutants and a higher diversity of compounds compared to the lake. The PCA models were able to isolate distinct sources of chemicals such as a natural input (viz., a high relative abundance of mono-, di-and sesquiterpenes) and a weathered oil fingerprint (viz., alkanes, naphthenes and alkylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons). A dilution effect of the weathered oil fingerprint was observed in lake samples that were close to the channel. Several benzothiazole-like structures were identified in lake samples close to a high-traffic road which could indicate a significant input from asphalt or tire wear particles. In total, 104 compounds and compound groups were identified. Conclusions: Several chemical fingerprints of different sources were described in urban freshwater sediments in Copenhagen using a pixel-based chemometric approach of GC × GC-HRMS BPCs. Various micropollutants of anthropogenic origin were identified. Tailored pre-processing and careful interpretation of the identification results is inevitable and still requires further research for an automated workflow.

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“…For a more comprehensive chemical impact assessment of our environment, suspect screening and nontarget screening (NTS) are used in combination with target analyses 2,6 . The identification of unknown compounds in an NTS workflow is usually made by comparing experimental mass spectra with MSlibraries such as NIST for GC-MS with electron ionisation 7 . An adequate chromatographic resolution that provides mass spectra of the unidentified peaks free of chemical interferences is key to increase the reliability of the spectral matching.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GC×GC-HRMS nontarget fingerprinting of organic micropollutants in urban freshwater sediments

Баландіна

Alexandrino

Christensen

2020

Preprint

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Background Sediments are sinks for organic micropollutants, which are traditionally analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Although GC-MS and GC-MS/MS (tandem MS) are preferred for target screening, they provide only limited chromatographic resolution for nontarget screening. In this study, a comprehensive two-dimensional GC-high-resolution MS method (GC×GC-HRMS) was developed for nontarget screening and source identification of organic micropollutants in sediments from an urban lake and channel in Copenhagen, Denmark. The GC×GC-HRMS data were processed by pixel-based chemometric analysis using baseline subtraction, alignment, normalisation, and scaling before principal component analysis (PCA) of the pre-processed GC×GC-HRMS base peak ion chromatograms (BPCs). The analysis was performed to identify organic micropollutants of high abundance and relevance in the urban sediments, to identify pollution sources. Tentative identifications were based on match factors and retention indices and tagged according to the level of identification confidence. Results The channel contained both significantly higher concentrations of micropollutants and a higher diversity of compounds compared to the lake. The PCA models were able to isolate distinct sources of chemicals such as a natural input (viz. a high relative abundance of mono-, di- and sesquiterpenes) and a weathered oil fingerprint (viz. alkanes, naphthenes and alkylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons). A dilution effect of the weathered oil fingerprint was observed in lake samples that were close to the channel. Several benzothiazole-like structures were identified in lake samples close to a high-traffic road which could indicate a significant input from asphalt or tire wear particles. Conclusions Several chemical fingerprints of different sources were described in urban freshwater sediments in Copenhagen using a pixel-based chemometric approach of GC×GC-HRMS chromatograms. Various micropollutants of anthropogenic origin were identified. Tailored pre-processing and careful interpretation of the identification results is inevitable and still requires further research for an automated workflow.

show abstract

Untargeted approach for the evaluation of anthropic impact on the sheltered marine area of Portofino (Italy)

Cited by 25 publications

References 45 publications

Bridging Terrestrial and Marine Geoheritage: Assessing Geosites in Portofino Natural Park (Italy)

Bridging Terrestrial and Marine Geoheritage: Assessing Geosites in Portofino Natural Park (Italy)

GC × GC–HRMS nontarget fingerprinting of organic micropollutants in urban freshwater sediments

GC×GC-HRMS nontarget fingerprinting of organic micropollutants in urban freshwater sediments

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